Association between smoking and total energy expenditure in a multi-country study

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dc.contributor.authorGonseth, Semira
dc.contributor.authorDugas, Lara
dc.contributor.authorViswanathan, Barathi
dc.contributor.authorForrester, Terrence
dc.contributor.authorLambert, Vicki
dc.contributor.authorPlange-Rhule, Jacob
dc.contributor.authorDurazo-Arvizu, Ramon
dc.contributor.authorLuke, Amy
dc.contributor.authorSchoeller, Dale A
dc.contributor.authorBovet, Pascal
dc.date.accessioned2014-10-07T14:57:52Z
dc.date.available2014-10-07T14:57:52Z
dc.date.issued2014-10-04
dc.date.updated2014-10-07T14:57:53Z
dc.description.abstractAbstract Background The association between smoking and total energy expenditure (TEE) is still controversial. We examined this association in a multi-country study where TEE was measured in a subset of participants by the doubly labeled water (DLW) method, the gold standard for this measurement. Methods This study includes 236 participants from five different African origin populations who underwent DLW measurements and had complete data on the main covariates of interest. Self-reported smoking status was categorized as either light (andlt;7 cig/day) or high (and#8805;7 cig/day). Lean body mass was assessed by deuterium dilution and physical activity (PA) by accelerometry. Results The prevalence of smoking was 55% in men and 16% in women with a median of 6.5 cigarettes/day. There was a trend toward lower BMI in smokers than non-smokers (not statistically significant). TEE was strongly correlated with fat-free mass (men: 0.70; women: 0.79) and with body weight (0.59 in both sexes). Using linear regression and adjusting for body weight, study site, age, PA, alcohol intake and occupation, TEE was larger in high smokers than in never smokers among men (difference of 298and#160;kcal/day, pand#8201;=and#8201;0.045) but not among women (162and#160;kcal/day, pand#8201;=and#8201;0.170). The association became slightly weaker in men (254and#160;kcal/day, pand#8201;=and#8201;0.058) and disappeared in women (and#8722;76and#160;kcal/day, pand#8201;=and#8201;0.380) when adjusting for fat-free mass instead of body weight. Conclusion There was an association between smoking and TEE among men. However, the lack of an association among women, which may be partly related to the small number of smoking women, also suggests a role of unaccounted confounding factors.
dc.description.versionPeer Reviewed
dc.identifier.citationNutrition and Metabolism. 2014 Oct 04;11(1):48
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-11-48
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2139/39100
dc.language.rfc3066en
dc.rights.holderSemira Gonseth et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
dc.titleAssociation between smoking and total energy expenditure in a multi-country study
dc.typeJournal Article

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