Browsing by Author "Downes, Andrew S."
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Item Skills formation and labour productivity in JamaicaDownes, Andrew S.Item Strategies for financing higher education: The Caribbean context [PowerPoint](2015-07-15) Downes, Andrew S.This presentation examines 1) stakeholders' perspectives of financing higher education, 2) recent trends in financing higher education, 3) some socio-economic considerations, and 4) "best practice" in the Caribbean context.Item The impact of structural adjustment policies on the educational system in the Caribbean(1993) Downes, Andrew S.;As a result of a high degree of economic instability, Caribbean countries had to undertake macroeconomic adjustment programmes under the supervision of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB). In the English-speaking Caribbean, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago had to seek IMF-WB assistance to help overcome their economic difficulties. Macroeconomic policy measures included a reduction in government expenditure, increases in taxation and interest rates, devaluation, the increase or introduction of user fees for many social services, wage restraint, and privatization. These macroeconomic policies adversely affected the education sector via shortage of staff and supplies, the demotivation of teachers due to the decline in their standard of living and higher teaching loads, reduced teacher training, greater absenteeism, the deterioration of physical plants, reduced availability of materials and equipment, and higher pupil-teacher ratios. Since education plays a vital part in the human resource development of Caribbean countries, several recommendations are made in the paper to help cushion the adverse effects of structural adjustment on the educational system