Browsing by Author "Campbell, Carl C."

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    Colony and nation: A short history of education in Trinidad and Tobago, 1834-1986
    (Ian Randle Publishers, 1992) Campbell, Carl C.;
    This book is divided into 13 chapters, which cover the following: 1) Slave society, 1500-1834; 2) The elementary schools, 1834-1939; 3) The secondary schools, 1834-1939; 4) The teacher training schools, 1834-1939; 5) Technical and vocational education, 1834-1939; 6) Education and society, 1834-1939; 7) Education during and after the Second World War, 1939-55; 8) Major developments under Dr. Eric Williams, 1956-81; 9) The Tobago and Indian experiences, 1956-81; 10) Women and education; 11) Comparative perspectives; 12) An assessment, 1956-86; and 13) Recent developments, 1981-86
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    Development of education in Trinidad 1834-1870
    (2008-12-02T14:19:11Z) Campbell, Carl C.
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    Good wives and mothers: A preliminary survey of women and education in Trinidad 1834-1981
    Campbell, Carl C.;
    This paper surveys the development of education in Trinidad from the 19th century well into the 20th century, and the place of women in that development. It shows that for much of the time, particularly in the earlier years, the role of women in education reflected the way society thought of women in general, that is, as good wives and mothers. Women were employed in primary schools only in very small numbers, and even then were expected to play the role of surrogate mothers to small children rather than teachers. Social, legislative, and educational change came during the years of the 20th century, albeit slowly, largely due to the efforts of the rise of secondary schools, and especially the denominational schools for girls. This paper discusses women in the role of both pupil and teacher, and particularly the place of East Indian girls in the development of education, since this group was hindered not only by societal norms but cultural differences. By the end of the period under discussion, women had become firmly entrenched in the education system at both levels; other types of educational institutions had been established, for example, vocational and technical, in which women played a part as both pupil and teacher, and female teachers were enjoying equal pay, training, and the same opportunities as their male counterparts
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    The College exhibition in Trinidad and Tobago 1872-1938
    (Mar. 1983) Campbell, Carl C.;
    This article examines the development of the College Exhibition, one of the socially important educational practices in Trinidad and Tobago, and relates it to certain social developments. The system functioned as a vital instrument of upward social mobility for many black and coloured children and, to a lesser extent, East Indian children
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    The development of education in Trinidad, 1834-1870
    (1973) Campbell, Carl C.;
    In the post-Emancipation period, the policies in education attempted by the British government, and moreso by the Trinidad government, formed an integral part of a deliberate effort to strengthen English civilization in the colony. The schools, moreso the primary schools, had only a very limited success as academic institutions. Socially, they did not escape very far from the class and race divisions of the society