FACULTY OF MEDICAL
SCIENCES
MONA
Year ending July 31, 2010
Professor Archibald McDonald,  MBBS, DM (Surg) UWI, 
FRCSEd, FACS – Dean
131
Overview
The emphasis in the Faculty of Medical Sciences this year, was onimproving facilities for students on the Mona Campus as well as at
the other clinical training sites.  Work commenced on the Basic Medical
Sciences Complex and the refurbishing of the Departments of Pathology
and Microbiology. Student facilities such as computer laboratories,
libraries, leisure areas and call rooms were put in place at the Kingston
Public Hospital and the Cornwall Regional Hospital.  The Mandeville
Regional Hospital was accredited for clinical rotations and work has
commenced on upgrading student facilities.  
Student enrolment continued its upward trend and there was a significant
increase in the number of students admitted to the flagship MB BS
Programme.  The increase resulted from a greater demand for places and
requests from the regional governments for more of their students to be
admitted to this programme.  The number of first class honours and
straight A students applying to the programme has also increased.  The
Nursing Council of Jamaica limited the enrolment of students in the
Bachelor of Nursing Programme to 100 annually thus thwarting the
attempts to increase enrolment in this nationally important programme.  
The unsatisfactory state of the University Hospital continued to be a major 
challenge for the Faculty. Preparation of a business plan aimed at
improving conditions at the hospital was completed and the UWI
leadership presented the plan to the regional governments. The plan calls
for a greater involvement of the UWI in the management of the hospital
and a restructuring of its funding arrangements.  Discussions on the
commercialization of Pathology and Microbiology continued throughout
the year and improvements in the management of these departments
132
should become apparent in the coming year with the acquisition of a
Laboratory Information System and the employment of a Business
Manager. 
To keep track of the increased enrolment, the Faculty’s staff complement
was extensively reviewed, resulting in an increase in the number of
Associate Lecturers to approximately 220. Plans were also made to
regularize the employment of persons currently serving on temporary
contracts, while an effort was made to ensure that persons employed on a
full time basis were performing at optimal levels. 
Student Enrollment and Access 
Table 1 below compares undergraduate enrolment for the academic year
2009/2010 with the previous year and shows a 10 percent increase.
Table 1
Undergraduate Student Enrolment in the Faculty of Medical Sciences
2009/2010 vs 2008/2009
Programme Major & Minor No. of Students No. of Students 2009/2010 2008/2009
BBMedSci Anatomy    5  1
Biochemistry    1  1
Pharmacology  43 32
Physiology    4   1
Year 1 students   32  41
Subtotal   85  76
BSc Nursing (Post RN)    11   18
Nursing (generic)  817  726
Online delivery  366  323
Physical Therapy  118    83
Diagnostic Imaging    77    77
Subtotal 1389 1227
133
MBBS Bachelor of Medicine &Surgery  909  766
Total 2298 2068
Student Achievements 
The faculty graduated 518 Undergraduate students in the Academic Year
2008/2009.  This represents a 41 percent increase over the previous year
and was due to an increase in the number of graduates from the Nursing
Programmes. 
MB, BS   124
BSc. Nursing (generic)   268
BSc. Nursing (Post RN)     81
BSc. Physical Therapy     28
BBMedsci       1
Table 2 
 MBBS Examination Results
The MBBS Examination for academic year 2009/10
Pass Honours Distinction Fail
Medicine (MD500) 107 – – 19
Surgery (SU500) 105 8 – 9
Obstetrics & Gynaecology (OG500) 010 7 10 2
Medals and Prizes Awarded 
The following students were awarded prizes in the final MB BS
Examinations for Academic Year 2009/2010:
134
Overall Clinical Medal: – David Walcott
Medicine & Therapeutics Medial – Jonathan Ho
Obstetrics & Gynaecology Medial: David Walcott
Sonya Reid
Pathology/Microbiology Medal: – Heidi-Anne Hanson
Medical Association of Jamaica – Sonya Reid 
Insurance Fund Prize in Obstetrics
and Gynaecology:
Allenbury Prize in Medicine: – Jonathan Ho
Luke Foster
Professor Owen Morgan Prize: – Jonathan Ho
David Walcott
Dr. Aubrey McFarlane Bursary: – David Walcott
Dr. The Hon. John Hall Prize: – Asana Anderson
Deon Flemming
Luke Foster
Gail Lewis
David Walcott
Research 
The Faculty continued its emphasis on capacity building in research
through strengthening the role of the Research Resource Centre and the
establishment of a research fellowship programme with the TMRI.  To
date four academic staff members have benefitted from this programme.
In respect of publications, the Faculty had 236 peer-reviewed publications
during the year, representing a per capita publication rate of 1.2.  Thus
despite excellent work by several colleagues the Faculty’s research output
is still unsatisfactory.  
135
Table 3 
Publications per Department
Publications Publications Conference Conference
Department 2008-2009 2009-2010 Presentations Presentations 
2008-2009 2009-2010
UWI School of Nursing         4        5     13     10
Basic Medical Sciences       34      39     11     26
Community Health &
Psychiatry       36      34     54     33
Medicine       13      24     45     52
Obstetrics, Gynaecology &
Child Health       47       35     43     10
Pathology       18       13      19     22
Microbiology       12       11        5      –
Surgery, Radiology,
Anaesthesis & Intensive       50       38       74     51
Care
TMRU/Sickle Cell Unit       47       48         –      –
Total     248     236      214
Research Awards 
At the Principals annual awards ceremony, three papers were awarded
“Best Publications”. These were:
¡ Michael Boyne, Carolyn Taylor-Bryan, Franklyn Bennett,
Tamika Royal Thomas, Rainford Wilks, Terrence Forrester
and collaborators – “The association of hypothalamic-pituitary-
adrenal axis activity and blood pressure in an Afro-Caribbean
population, Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2009:34:736-42
¡ Jeffery East, Christopher Valentine, Garfield Blake and
collaborator – “Sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer
using methylene blue dye manifests a short learning curve among 
experienced surgeons: a prospective tabular cumulative sum
(CUSUM) analysis”, BMC Surgery, 9:2 (27 January 2009)
136
¡ Cliff Riley, Andrew Wheatley, Helen Asemota and
collaborators – “The interplay between yam (Dioscorea sp)
starch botanical source, micromeritics and functionality in
paracetamol granules for reconstitution”, European Journal of
Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 2008;70, 326-334.
The most outstanding researchers were:
¡ Professor Terrence Forrester, the Director of the Tropical
Medicine.
Professor Forrester’s principal research priority during the year
Aug 1, 2008- July 31, 2009 was the elucidation of the mechanisms, 
which underlie the increased risk of obesity and cardio metabolic
disease in populations from poor societies with a history of
chronic under nutrition. During the period he published 14
research manuscripts; 13 of which appeared in internationally
recognized journals while the remaining one was published in the
University’s West Indian Medical Journal. 
¡ Dr Donovan McGrowder, a Senior Lecturer in the Department 
of Pathology and Consultant Chemical Pathologist at the
University Hospital of the West Indies.
Dr McGrowder and colleagues in the Department of
Haematology, Research & Development and Anaesthetics at
Royal Brompton Hospital London, carried out studies examining
postoperative bleeding and the accompanying increased risk of
morbidity and mortality. He and colleagues at the Department of
Clinical Biochemistry at the Royal Brompton Hospital, London
have also focused on diagnosing iron deficiency in patients with
medical problems - such as infection, inflammation and
malignancy, which generally make the diagnosis difficult. 
The selection in the category “The Project Attracting the Most
Research Funds” was: “Creation of a Caribbean Health Leadership
Institute”, managed by Professor Brendan Bain. The project attracted
US$2,884,108.00 over five years, and was funded by the United States
Centre for Disease Control Prevention.
137
The final category – The Research Project with the Greatest
Business/Economic/Development Impact saw the award going to
the project entitled “Impact of Jamaica National Building Society’s
Micro-Credit Programme on Health and Development in Jamaica”,
managed by Terence Forrester, Claremont Kirton, Georgia McLeod,
Georgiana Gordon-Strachan and Colette Cunningham-Myrie. 
Research Grants 
The Faculty attracted approximately US $2,607,881 in research grants
during the year, details of which appear in the individual departmental
reports.
Graduate Studies
The Faculty devoted much effort to designing new programmes and
gaining approval for their launch. The MSc Programme in Gerontological
Nursing began this year while plans are in place for the following
programmes to be launched during the 2010/2011 academic year:
¡ The MSc in Forensic Sciences
¡ Clinical Fellowship in Nephrology
¡ Clinical Fellowship in Child and Youth Psychiatry 
¡ Diploma in Family Medicine. 
An unprecedented five candidates were registered in the DM Anatomical
Pathology Programme while the Department of Microbiology
dramatically increased its graduate student numbers to 12. 
138
Table 4 
Registered Students (2009-2010) – Graduate Studies
Programmes Numbers
DMs 283
Taught Masters
MPH 41
MPH-Health Education/Promotion 9
Nutrition 20
Epidemiology 1
Microbiology 2
Cultural Therapy 3
Nursing:
Administration 17
Clinical Specialist 3
Education 18
Family Nurse Practitioner 18
Mental Health/Psychiatry 10
Online Masters
Counseling 59
Sports Medicine 13
Research Degrees
MPhils 52
PhDs 55
Total 604
139
Table 5 
Number of Programme Graduates (2009/2010)
Programmes Number
DMs:
Anaesthesia & Intensive Care 3
Internal Medicine 6
Obstetrics & Gynaecology 5
Paediatrics 5
Psychiatry 3
Radiology 4
Pathology 2
Surgery:
General 2
Orthopaedics 1
Urology 1
Opthalmology 1
Emergency Medicine 5
ORL 1
Taught Masters:
MPH-Health Education/Promotion 14
Nutrition 6
Epidemiology 6
Microbiology 2
Nursing 31
Sports Medicine 2
140
Online Masters:
Counseling 38
Research Degrees
MPhils 3
PhDs 7
Total 148
Income Generation and Budgetary Considerations 
During the academic year under review the UWI received a further
reduction in government funding. In response and anticipation of further
budget cuts the faculty sought to strengthen its income generation and
cost cutting initiatives. Agreed strategies included increasing income from
undergraduate and graduate level full fee paying programmes,  (through
increased student intake and expanding the number of such programmes
), and from short courses mounted mainly during  the summer months. 
Strategies for reducing expense centred on regulating the amount spent on 
overseas travel, (primarily through use of modern IT facilities) and
monitoring staff and student use of various utilities.
Conclusion
The Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mona focused on improving
infrastructure including student facilities, income generation and
diversification, and building research capacity. This will provide the
framework for further enhancement of our international reputation in the
areas of training and research in the years ahead.  With the reduction in the
government subvention to the UWI, the year ahead will be difficult but the 
Faculty will continue to play a leadership role on the Mona Campus as it
continues its process of transformation.
141
DEPARTMENT OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 
Wayne McLaughlin, BSc Waterloo, PhD UWI 
– Head of Department
WORK OF THE DEPARTMENT
During the academic year, theDepartment made progress in
implementing some of the strategic
initiatives in its 2007-2012 Strategic Plan
and also some of the recommendations
from five-year review for the Basic
Medical Sciences. The major
achievements were 
• The review of the BB Med Sci
programme
• Increased student intake in the BB Med Sci and Physical Therapy
programmes
• The strengthening of academic supervision and overall
programme quality in research training at the MPhil and PhD
levels, including weekly departmental graduate seminars
• The development of taught master’s programmes in Applied
Pharmacology and Physical Therapy
• The introduction of a Diabetes Education Curriculum for Health
Care Professionals
• The improvement of the IT infrastructure in the Physiology
Lecture theatre and the Pre-Clinical Lecture Theatre for teaching.
• The acquisition of teaching and research equipment in Anatomy
and Physiology
In 2009/10 two-hundred and sixty-four students were registered in the
MBBS programme, 31 in the BB Med Sci programme and 51 in the
Physical Therapy programme.  Two hundred and sixty-seven students
142
were enrolled in the FPAS Biochemistry programme. Students’
assessment of teaching was good as the academic staff con tin ues to be
highly rated by stu dents. Mem bers of the ac a demic staff and their
post grad u ate stu dents par tic i pated in sev eral in ter na tional con fer ences,
and were also suc cess ful in at tracti ng re search funds of ap prox i mately
US$263,000. The re search out put de clined, with less than one orig i nal
pap er pub lished per staff in peer re viewed jour nals.  
Professor Helen Asemota continued her secondment at Shaw University,
USA where she also serves as the Principal Investigator for the “Shaw in
Jamaica MoN Prostate Cancer Research Project”.   The project is a joint
one between SHAW, UWI and and is funded by the NIH. Shaw
University students under the scheme of Minority Health and Health
Disparities International Research training (MHIRT) of the National
Center on Minority Health and Heath Disparities (NCMHD), NIH, USA
visited the department to undertake a summer research internship on
prostate cancer survey and training.  The project which began in 2009 will
train Shaw Minority Students in prostate cancer research over a five year
period at UWI, Mona.  
Staff Awards and Promotions
Dr. Wayne McLaughlin was pro moted to Pro fes sor of Mo lec u lar
Bi ol ogy. Drs. Dagogo Pepple and Maxine Gossell-Wil liams were
pro moted to Se nior Lec turer in Phys i ol ogy and Phar ma col ogy,
re spec tively. Dr. Gossell-Wil liams as sumed the res pon si bil ity as the Head
of Sec tion of Phar ma col ogy, tak ing over from Pro fes sor Si mon who
re tired last year.
Drs. Paul Brown and Icolyn Amarakoon were awarded Fulbright
Res earch Fel low ships to pur sue re search at the Uni ver sity of Min ne sota
School of Vet er i nary Med i cine, St. Paul, Min ne sota and In sti tute of
Hu man Vi rol ogy, Uni ver sity of Mary land, School of Med i cine in
Bal ti more, Mary land, re spec tively.  Dr. Brown con ducted re search on the
reg u la tion of gene ex pres sion in Leptospira, while Dr. Amarakoon
con ducted re search on the mo lec u lar bi ol ogy of HIV and antiretroviral
drug re sis tance in Ja mai can pa tients in fected with HIV/AIDS.
143
Staff De vel op ment
Miss Thornia Smith, Sen ior Adm ini st rat ive Ass ist ant succ essf ully
comp leted her MSc in Ap plied Psy chol ogy (Health) at the UWI, Mona. 
Miss Andrea Rich ards, Se nior Med i cal Tech nol o gist, suc cess fully
com pleted a cer tif i cate course in “Ef fec tive Pro ject Plan ning and Eval u a tion in
Health Re search” or ga nized by the Clin i cal Ep i de mi ol ogy Unit, TMRI.  Mrs. 
Yvonne Bailey, Se nior Sec re tary, suc cess fully com pleted the cer tif i cate
course in “Pro ject Man age ment” from the Mona School of Busi ness.  Mrs.
Juliet Waugh and Ms. Juliet Mair, Se nior De part men tal At ten dant and
Se nior Lab o ra tory At ten dant pur sued a course in Hos pi tal ity Man age ment 
hosted by the Hum an Re sources Di vi sion, Mona Cam pus.
PAPERS PRESENTED
• Brown, Caneta, N McFarlane-Anderson, L Lindo, K Bishop, T
Dasgupta. S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine and S-nitroso-
glutathione Reverse Preeclampsia in Rats. 2nd International
Conference on Drug Discovery and Therapy in Dubai, February
1-4, 2010. 
• Brown, Kesi J., Alexander-Lindo, R. Lisa and Dasgupta, Tara. 
The Effect of Two S-nitrosothiols on Spatial Memory. 2nd
International Conference on Drug Discovery and Therapy in
Dubai, February 1-4, 2010. 
• Brown P.  Antimicrobial susceptibilities, and SCCmec multi-locus 
VNTR analyses of polymorphism and genetic relationships of
clinical isolates of MRSA. 14th International Congress on
Infectious Diseases, Miami, FL, USA. March 11-14, 2010.
• Henry, T., Oswald Simon, and Maxine Gossell-Williams Ginger
oleoresin supplementation lowers blood pressure and triglyceride
levels in hypercholesterolemic rats FASEB J. 2010 24:960
• Hyde,  C. D. Maxine Gossell-Williams, Tiffany Hunter, Donnette 
Simms-Stewart, Donovan McGrowder, Horace Fletcher, and
Eric Choo-Kang. Pumpkin Seed Oil Supplementation improves
144
HDL and LDL cholesterol in Post-Menopausal Women: A
Random Double-Blind Pilot Study FASEB J. 2010 24:588.6 
• Jacob, A. S., Oswald Rudolph Simon, Delano Samuel Wheatle,
and Peter Lanton Ruddock Antihistaminergic effect of a pure
compound (GT) isolated from garden slug (Diplosolenodes
occidentalis) on tracheal smooth muscle contraction. FASEB J.
2010 24:970.1 
• Levy Arkene and Dwayne G Stupack Cytotoxic activity of
Taraxacum officinale in OV2008 human ovarian cancer cell line is 
mediated by caspase 8 activity FASEB J. 2010 24:965.3.
• Lopez, Anna-Lee, Maxine D Gossell-Williams, Oswald R Simon,
and Howard Phillips Phosphatidylcholine supplementation
alleviates the impaired glucose response induced by acute
methionine loading FASEB J. 2010 24:569.3 
• Miller David J. and Andrew G.M. Pearson. Geomorphic and
sediment dynamics in Manatee Bay, St. Catherine, Jamaica: A
hurricane impact complex response system. Association of
American Geographers, Annual Meeting, Washington D.C.,
April 14-18, 2010. 
• Moodie-Henry, B. J. Manley E West, and Maxine Deborah
Gossell-Williams Alkaloids of Borreria verticillata mediate
hypotensive activity through muscarinic, M3 receptor, a
stimulatory release of nitric oxide (NO). FASEB J. 2010 24:773.7
• Ogunsalu C, Arunaye F, Ezeokoli C, Gardner MT, Rohrer M ,
Prasad H. Mathematical model for osteobstruction in Bone
Regeneration mechanism; A headway in skeletal tissue
engineering. American College of Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgeons Conference. April 2010. San Antonio Texas, USA.
• Ogunsalu C, Arunaye F, Ezeokoli C, Gardner MT, Rohrer M ,
Prasad H. Mathematical model for osteobstruction in Bone
Regeneration mechanism; A headway in skeletal tissue
engineering. Presented at the American College of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgeons Conference. AEEDC Dubai 2010.
145
• Pearson, Andrew G.M.  Biochemical and microbiological
investigations into the utilisation of agro-industrial wastes in
Jamaica. New York State Agricultural Experiment Station,
Geneva, N.Y. July 16, 2010.
• Rowe, N., PDA Singh, W McLaughlin, MT Gardner. Preliminary
investigation of the effects of Jamaican ginger (Zingiberaceae
officinale) on the activity of the enzyme lipoxygenase.West Indian
Medical Journal 54 (4):44, 2009.
• Young-Martin, L. Estrogen not Testosterone Enhances Memory
of a Negative Patterning Discrimination Task in Aged Male Rats.
Annual International Conference on Alzheimer’s Disease
(ICAD), Reed Messe Wien, Vienna, Austria, July 11-17, 2009. 
Papers presented at the Faculty of Medical Sciences 18th Annual
Research Conference on Child Health: From The Womb to
Adolescence, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus,
November 11-13, 2009.
• Brown, Caneta, N McFarlane-Anderson, L Lindo, K Bishop, T
Dasgupta. The Effect of S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine and
S-nitrosoglutathione on Blood Pressure, Urinary Protein Levels
and Pup Weight in Pregnant Rats.
• Brown, Caneta, N McFarlane-Anderson, L Lindo, K Bishop, T
Dasgupta. The Effect of S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine and
S-nitrosoglutathione on Blood Pressure, Urinary Protein Levels
and Pup Weight in Pregnant Rats.
• Daley-Beckford, DK. RL Alexander-Lindo, T Yee, P. Reese.  The 
Isolation of the Hypoglycaemic Principles from Eucalyptus
camaldulensis showing a similar effect as Metformin.
• Henry, T., O Simon M Gossell-Williams. Effect of ginger
oleoresin on blood pressure and serum lipids in
hypercholesteroleamic rats. 
• Manya, S., R. L. Alexander-Lindo, M. Gossell-Williams.
Development of a New Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
146
• Wynter, T., PDA Singh, NP Williams, W McLaughlin.The effect
of Momordica charantia ex tract on colorectal can cer
pre can cer ous le sions (abberant crypt foci).
Papers presented at the 16th Annual International Diabetes
Conference, Jamaica Grande Resort, Ocho Rios, St. Ann, Jamaica.
(March 25-28, 2010).
• Brown, Kesi,  R.L. Alexander-Lindo, Tara P. Dasgupta.  The
Effect of Two S-nitrosothiols on Glucose Metabolism and Spatial 
memory
• Bryan, Sophia, R.L. Alexander-Lindo, Tara P. Dasgupta. Nitric
Oxide Inhibitors Hold Promise for Diabetes Research. 
• McFarlane-Anderson, Norma. Stem Cells and Diabetes Mellitus
(DM): A biological approach to curing Diabetes Mellitus Mellitus.
• Ragoobirsingh, D. The Universities Diabetes Outreach
Programme 
PUBLICATIONS
Books and Monographs
* Barcelo, A., E. Carrasco, D. Ragoobirsingh, E. Duarte, J.
Gagliardino, G. Xuereb and F. Canete. (2009) Building Blocks
in Diabetes Education and Control: A Framework for
Comprehensive Diabetes Care, Pan American Health
Organization, Washington, D.C, USA, 2009.
* Brown, P.D. (2009). Multiple drug resistance. In Multiple Drug
Resistance. Eds. Agoston Meszaros and Gusztav Balogh. Nova
Science Publishers, Inc, New York, USA. ISBN,
978-1-60741-595-4.
* Irving R.  Hormones (2010). Our Family History and Diabetes
in Pregnancy: Genetics and biochemistry in the Black womb. 
Lambert Academic Publishing Germany. [978-3-8383- 3698-5].
147
* Irving R, Charlton V. (eds). (2010) Jamaica Gold: Jamaican
Sprinters. University Press, Jamaica. [ISBN 978-976-640-
234-1].
* Ragoobirsingh, D., and Ann Fullick. (2009). Human and Social
Biology for Caribbean Secondary Education Certificate, 2nd
edition, Pearson/Longman Publishing for the Caribbean,
London, England.
* Ragoobirsingh D. Chronic Care Passport. (2010).  Developed
for the Pan American Health Organization Caribbean Quality
of Diabetes Care Improvement Project
* Scott R, Irving R, Charlton V, Pitsiladis Y. (2010). White men
cannot run: Where is the Scientific Evidence? For Sands R and
Sands L.  Anthropology of Sport and Human Movement. 
Lexington Books, a division of Rowman & Littlefield
Publishers, Inc. [ISBN-10:0739129392].
Technical Reports
* Ragoobirsingh, D. Pan American Health Organization Report
on Training for Implementation of the Caribbean Diabetes
Project in Tobago, October 19, 2009.
* Ragoobirsingh, D. Pan American Health Organization Report
on Guiding and Supporting National Quality Improvement
Initiatives for Diabetes in Less Well served parts of the World:
A Proof Concept Project in the Caribbean-Guyana (February
3-5), February 15, 2010.
* Ragoobirsingh, D. Pan American Health Organization Report
on Diabetes Quality Care Project, Belize, March 23, 2010.
* Ragoobirsingh, D. Pan American Health Organization Report
on Quality of Care Improvement, Trinidad and Tobago, (April
11-15), April  26, 2010.
148
* Ragoobirsingh, D. Pan American Health Organization Report
on Mentoring the Improvement of the Quality of Diabetes
Care in Tobago, (July 11-16) July 30, 2010.
Refereed Journal
WIMJ = West Indian Medical Journal
* Bailey-Shaw, Y., Golden, K. D., Pearson, A. G. M. and Porter,
R. B. R (2009). Characterization of Jamaican Agro-Industrial
Wastes. Part I: Characterization of amion acids using high
performance liquid chromatography: Precolumn derivation
with phenylisothiocyanate. Journal of Chromatographic Science 47:
3-9. 
* Campbell, Sacha, Ruby Alexander-Lindo, Tara Dasgupta and 
Donovan McGrowder. (2009). The Effect of S-nitrosocaptopril 
and S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D, L- penicillamine on blood glucose
concentration and Haemodynamic Parameters. Journal of Applied 
Biomedicine. 7: 123-131.
* Fisher L. P. Tennant and W. McLaughlin (2010). Detection and
characterization of Citrus tristeza virus stem pitting isolates in
Jamaica. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 127:1-6
* Grant JA, Bonnick T, Gossell-Williams M, Clayton T, Cook JM, 
Jackson YA (2009). Synthesis, pharmacological studies and
molecular modeling of some tetracyclic 1,3-diazepinium
chlorides. Bioorg Med Chem. 18(2): 909-921.
* Gordon, C. D., Williams, S.K.P., Hudson G.A., Stewart, J.
Factors predicting academic performance of Physical Therapy
students (Diploma level). WIMJ 59 (2): 203-208.
* Gordon, L., D. Ragoobirsingh, E. Morrison, E. Choo-Kang, D.
McGrowder and E.  Martorell (2010).  Lipid Profile of Type 2
Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients in the Jamaican Population.
Journal of Laboratory Physicians 2: 25-30.
* Gossell-Williams, M., Williams-Johnson, O. Simon. (2009).
Non-fatal self-poisoning trends involving analgesics and
149
psychotropics at the University Hospital of the West Indies in
Jamaica. Journal of Medicine Use in Developing Countries. 1(2): 46-51.
* Gossell-Williams, M. (2010). Pharmacovigilance healthcare
professionals’role in benefits versus harm analysis of drugs use.
WIMJ 59 (1): 73-75.
* Jackson, Maria.D., Susan P.Walker, Candace M. Simpson,
Norma McFarlane-Anderson, Franklyn I Bennett, Kathleen C
M et al. Coard. (2010). Body size and risk of prostate cancer in
Jamaican men.  Cancer Causes Control 21:909-917.
* Less, L. A., D. Ragoobirsingh, E. Morrison, M. Boyne; P.
Anderson-Johnson (2010).  A Preliminary Report on An
Assessment of a Community-based Intervention for Diabetes
Control in Adults with Type 2. Fami ly Pract ice 27: 46-52.
* McGrowder, D., P. D. Brown, R. Alexander-Lindo, S. Budall,
R. Irving and L. Gordon. The use of soluble transferrin receptor 
in the detection of rHuEPO abuse in sports. [Review article]
Biochemistry Insights 3: 7-18.
* McGrowder, Donovan, Algie Williams, Lorenzo Gordon,
Tazhmoye Brown, Ruby Alexander-Lindo, Rachael Irving,
Michelle Hamilton, Yeiny T.P. Fraser. (2009). Hypocalciuria in
Preeclampsia and Gestational Hypertension due to decreased
fractional excretion of calcium.  Archives of Medical Science 5, 1:
80-85.
* McGrowder, Donovan, Kevin Grant, Rachael Irving, Lorenzo
Gordon, Tazhmoye Crawford,  Ruby Alexander-Lindo, Yeiny
T.P Fraser. (2009). Lipid Profile and Clinical Characteristics of
Women with Gestational Diabetes and Preeclampsia.  Journal of
Molecular Biochemistry 28 (2): 1-5.
* McGrowder, D., R. Lisa Alexander-Lindo, P. Brown (2009). 
The use of soluble transferrin receptor in drug testing and as a
marker of iron status in athletes. Biochemistry Insights 3:7-18.
http://www.la-press.com/the-use-of-soluble-transferrin-recep
tor-in-the-detection-of-rhuepo-abu-article-a1867
150
* McGrowder D, Bourne P, Crawford T, Irving R, Brown P,
Crawford L. (2010). How prepared are medical and
non-medical laboratories in Jamaica for accreditation?
Accreditation & Quality Assurance. DOI:10.1007/S00769-
0100686-5. Online ISSN 0949-1775.
* Mills J, Irving R, Choo-Kang E, Wright-Pascoe R, McLaughlin
W, Mullings, A, Gabay L, Kulkarni S. (2010).  Multigenerational
inheritance and clinical characteristics of three large pedigrees
with early onset type 2 diabetes in Jamaica.  Pan Am J Public
Health 27 (6): 435-441.
* Mulabagal, Vanisree, Ruby L Alexander-Lindo, David L.
DeWitt and Muraleedharan G. Nair. (2009). Health-Beneficial
Phenolic Aldehyde in Antigonon Leptopus Tea.  Evidenced Based
Complementary and Alternative Medicine 1-6.
* Ogunsalu C, Arunaye F, Ezeokoli C, Gardner MT, Rohrer M ,
Prasad H. (2010) Mathematical model for osteobstruction in
Bone Regeneration mechanism; A headway in skeletal tissue
engineering. Oral Surg, Oral Med, Oral Pathol,Oral Rad. 110 (3):
315-16
* Ottey-Allen, A., G. Burnell, W. Duncan, C. Simpson, D.
McGrowder, R. Alexander-Lindo (2010). Assessment of blood
donation process at four major centres in Jamaica. Journal of
Diagnostic and Clinical Research. 4: 2720-2727.
* Pearson, Andrew G.M. (2010). Rum: the spirit of the Caribbean. 
CaribXplorer 1 (1): 38-41.
* Pepple, DJ, LE Young and RG Carroll. (2010) A Comparison
of Students’ Performance in Multiple Choice and Long Essay
Questions in the MBBS Stage I Physiology Examination at the
UWI, Mona Campus.  Advances in Physiology Education 34: 86-89.
* Roopchand-Martin, S. (2010). Rehabilitating Patients in Virtual
Environments. CaribXplorer. 1 (2): 15-17.
151
* Scott R, Irving R, Irwin L, Morrison M, Charlton V, Austin K,
Tladi D,. Headley A, Kolkhorst F, Yang N, North K, Pitsiladis
P. ACTN3 and ACE ge not ypes in elite Ja mai can and US
sprinte rs. Med Sci Sp Exer 2010; 42(1): 107-15.
* Stephenson, S., P. D. Brown, A. Holness & M. Wilks. (2010).
Emergence of qnr-mediated quinolone resistance among
Enterobacteriaceae in Jamaica. WIMJ 59 (3): 241-244. 
* Tennant, P. F., D. Robinson, L. Fisher, S-M. Bennett, D.
Hutton, P. Coates-Beckford and W. McLaughlin (2009).
Diseases and Pests of Citrus (Citrus). Tree and Forestry Science and
Biotechnology. March Issue p 81-107.
* Thaxter, K, Young L, Parshad O, Young R, Addae J. (2010) An
extract of Neem leaves reduces anxiety without causing motor
side effects in an experimental model. WIMJ 59 (3):
* Vaz, Kurt, Donovan McGrowder, Ruby Alexander-Lindo,
Lorenzo Gordon, Paul Brown, Rachael Irving.  Knowledge,
awareness and compliance with universal precautions among
health care workers at the University Hospital of the West
Indies. (2010). Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental
Medicine. 1(4): 171-181.
* Vaz, Kurt Donovan McGrowder, Paul Bourne, Tazhmoye
Crawford, R. Lisa Alexander-Lindo, Rachael Irving. (2010).
Prevalence of injuries and reporting of accidents among health
care workers at the University Hospital of the West Indies.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental
Health 23 (2):  133-143.
Abstract in Peer Reviewed Journal
* Brewster, A., Hudson GA. Knowledge, attitudes and behaviour
of students at The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill
campus, towards diabetes. WIMJ 58: (Suppl 4) 1-51 pg. 39.
152
* Brown, C. N. McFarlane-Anderson, L. Lindo, K.Bishop, T.
Dasgupta. The Effect of S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine and
S-nitrosoglutathione on Blood Pressure, Urinary Protein
Concentration and Pup Weight in Pregnant rats.  WIMJ 58: 
(Suppl 4) 1-51  p.15
* Cox, P. St. L. and Williams, SKP.(2009). Life After Lower
Extremity Amputation in Diabetics, 1-3 Years Post
Amputation.  WIMJ 58 (Supp 4):26.
* Daley-Beckford, DK., RL Alexander-Lindo, T. Yee, P. Reese.
The Isolation of the Hypoglycaemic Principles of Eucalyptus
camaldulensis, showing a similar effect as metformin. WIMJ 58: 
(Suppl 4) 1-51 p.19.
* Forsythe D, Nelson G, Gordon C (2009). Recruitment of the
Rectus Abdominis During a Traditional Crunch and a Crunch
Using the Ab Lounge. WIMJ 58 (Suppl. 4) p 41
* Gordon MR., Hudson GA, Reid M, Asnani, MR. Living with
sickcle-cell disease: The relationship between socio-economic
status, quality of life and frequency of hospital admission. WIMJ 
58: (Suppl 4) 1-51 pg. 40. 
* Grant SA. And GA Hudson (2009). Obesity, diet and physical
activity in teenagers (15 -18years) in rural and urban high
schools. WIMJ 58: (Suppl 4) 1-51 pg. 39.
* Gregg, A., Gordon, C., Roopchand-Martin, S., (2009). The
effect of virtual reality training on gross motor function in
children with cerebral palsy; a pilot study. WIMJ 58: (suppl 4),
p27.
* Hunter R., Gordon C (2009). Determinants of Physical
Exercise Participation in Young Adults. WIMJ 58 (Suppl 4),
p27. 
* Levy, A.S., Simon, O.R. (2009) Six-shogaol inhibits production
of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta and nitric
153
oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse
macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. WIMJ 58 (4): pp 295.
* Lue-Chin, P., and Roopchand-Martin. (2009). Plyometric
training for Jamaica’s national netball team. WIMJ 58: (suppl 4),
p27.
* Manya, S., RL Alexander-Lindo, M. Gossell-Willliams.
Streptozotocin and nicotinamide-induced Type 2 diabetes
mellitus development in the Sprague-Dawley rat (2009). WIMJ
58:  (Suppl 4) 1-51 p.20.
* Meade L, Thaxter K, Chin L, Rattray C, Samuels L. (2009). A
comparative clinical trial assessing the efficacy of the
Transcutaneous Bilichek © system for assessment of serum
bilirubin levels at the University Hospital of the West Indies.
WIMJ, 58 (Supp 4): 49.
* Nathaneal, R., Hudson G.A. (2009). Effects of the rocking
horse on gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy: A 
pilot study in Trinidad. WIMJ 58: (Suppl 4) 1-51 p 28.
* Powell, S., Hudson GA. Prevalence of sport-related injuries and 
its association with the conduction of pre-partcipation physical
examination in track and field athletes in high schools in
Manchester. WIMJ 58: (Suppl 4) 1-51 pg. 40. 
* Hume, A. and  Williams, SKP (2009).  Is TENS Helpful in the
Treatment of Osteoarthris. WIMJ 58 (Supp4) p 26
* Powell, D. and Williams, SKP (2009). Determining the
Relationship between Body Mass Index and Pulmonary
Function in Jamaicans 20-25 Years Old.  WIMJ 58 (Supp 4) p26.
* Roopchand, S., Fung, J., Visintin, M., Barbeau, H., (1998). The
Effects of Unloading on Overground Ambulation in Stroke
Clients. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 79 p1324.
* Rowe, N., PDA Singh, W. McLaughlin, MT Gardner (2009).
Preliminary investigation of the effects of Jamaican ginger
154
(Zingiberaceae officinale) on the activity of the enzyme
lipoxygenase.WIMJ 54 (4):44.
* Solomon, D.,S. Roopchand-Martin (2008). Do Pain Scores
Correlate with Disability in Trinidadians with Chronic Low
Back Pain. WIMJ 57: (suppl 4),p38. 
* Taylor,T. and Roopchand-Martin, S., (2009). The effectiveness
of hold relax techniques for increasing flexibility of the hip
adductors. WIMJ 58: (suppl 4), p 26.
INCOME GENERATION
Research Grants:
Campus Committee for Research and Publications and Graduate Awards = CRPG
Awards
Dr. Paul Brown
¡ Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidia,
Giardia, and Leptospira in Surface Waters. University of
Minnesota International Collaborative Seed Grant with a Focus
on Africa or Water in the World; Co-PI (with Dr. Paul Allwood,
UMN) US $30,000
¡ recA- and relA- gene regulation in pathogenic Leptospira species.
US State Department (Fulbright Scholarship FY09); PI
US$10,000
¡ Investigation of the basis of attachment of Leptospira species to
mammalian cells CRPG Fund, UWI, Mona; PI (Awarded to
Gabrielle Andrade) US $2,050
¡ Mechanism of degradation of organic compounds and
consequent biochemical effects in aquaculture species. CRPG
Fund, UWI, Mona; PI (Awarded to Ann-Tenneil O’Conner)
US$1700
155
¡ Malaria and leptospirosis as possible causes of fever during an
epidemic of dengue in Jamaica. CHASE Fund; Co-PI (with Prof.
John Lindo) JM $3 million
Dr. Sherline Brown
¡ Characterization and distribution of citrus greening disease in
Jamaica” CRPG Grant US $3000.00 
Dr. Arkene Levy
¡ Investigation of the correlation between ovarian cancer FAK
expression and tumour invasive and migratory potential.
Principal’s New Initiative Reseaqrch Fund, UWI, Mona
JA$1.5M 
¡ “Antidiabetic properties of Petiveria alliacea”  CRPG Award for
Sara-Lou Christie: US $2000.00
¡ “Anti-inflammatory active Cassia alata Linn leaf extract on CFA
induced arthritis in rats.” CRPG Award for Anishka Lewis:
US$2000.00
Dr. Lisa Lindo
¡ Forest Conservation Fund in collaboration with Dr. Rupika
Delgoda (Natural Product Institute) JA$11.9M
¡ The Isolation, Purification and Elucidation of the
Hypoglycaemic Principle/s in Eucalyptus camuldulensis Extract.
CRPG Award: 2010 US $2000.00
¡ The isolation and identification of the active Hypogycaemic
Principle in Sechium edule (Cho Cho) leaves.  CRPG Award: 2009
US $2000.00
Dr. C. Ralph Nwokocha 
¡ Vasoactive effect and possible mechanism of action of Peperomia
pellucida extract in thoracic aortic rings of normotensive and
hypertensive rats. Principal’s New Initiative Research Fund,
UWI, Mona US $16,700
156
Professor Oswald Simon
¡ Campus Committee for Research and Publication and Graduate
Award for Tricishanna R. Henry: “Ginger oleoresin supple-
mentation lowers blood pressure and triglyceride levels in
hypercholesterolemic.” JA$156,577.00
¡ CRPG Award for Audrey Jacob: “Antihistaminergic effect of a
pure compound (GT) isolated from garden slug (Diplosolenodes
occidentales) on tracheal smooth muscle contraction.” JA
$156,577.00
Dr. Paul Singh
¡ CRPG Award for Shakira Wade: “Investigation of the
antineoplastic properties of Momordica  charantia” US $2000.00
Dr. Maxine Gossell-Wil liams
¡ Campus Committee for Research and Publication and Graduate
Award for Coretha Hyde: “The benefits of pumpkin seed oil
supplementation in postmenopausal women and ovariectomized 
rats.” JA $156,577.00
¡ Grants from Dr. Reddy Pharmaceuticals for Jacqueline
Campbell: “Promoting Pharmacovigilance among healthcare
professionals in Jamaica” JA $15,000.00
¡ Grants from Novartis for Jacqueline Campbell: “Promoting
Pharmacovigilance among healthcare professionals in Jamaica”
JA $15,000.00
¡ Grants from Roche Pharmaceuticals for Jacqueline Campbell:
“Promoting Pharmacovigilance among healthcare professionals
in Jamaica” JA $25,000.00
PUBLIC SERVICE
Professor Helen Asemota 
– Member, International Proxy Parents’ Education Committee,
Jamaica
157
– Member, Executive Committee, International Christian
Fellowship (ICF), USA. 
– Chairman & Co-Founder, Imade Asemota Foundation (IAF)
for Sickle Cell Research & Patients’ Welfare, USA.
Dr. Paul Brown
– Judge, JPS Science and Technology Expo for Schools, National
Finals
– Chief Judge, JPS Science and Technology Expo for Schools in
Eastern Region
– Member, American Society for Microbiology Country Liaison
for Jamaica 
Professor Dalip Ragoobirsingh
– Chief Examiner, Human & Social Biology Caribbean Secondary 
Examination Certificate Caribbean Examinations Council
– Temporary Advisor,  Caribbean Diabetes Quality of Care
Improvement Project Pan American Health Organization
– Consultant Diabetes Educator, Diabetes Association of Jamaica
Ms. Gillian Hudson-Ducasse
– Member, Combined Disabilities Association
– Member, Friends of the Consie Walters Cancer Care Center
Mr. Michael Gardner 
– Executive Member, Jamaica Historical Society
Dr. Kerith Golden 
– Vice Chairman, Stock Form Road Citizens Association, Golden 
Spring, St. Andrew 
– Member, Editorial Advisory Board, Stewarts Post harvest
Review.
Dr. Maxine Gossell-Williams
– Scholarship Chair-Jamaica, Fulbright-Humphrey’s Alumni
Association
158
– Member, Optimist club of North St. Andrew
– Pharmacology Section Representative, Central Drug and
Therapeutics Committee, MOH
– Executive Member, Citizen Association of Armour Glades
Dr Arkene Levy
– Chair, membership committee, Jamaica Fulbright Humphrey
Alumni Association JFHAA
– Staff representative, Rotoract Club of UWI
– Member, CARPIN Education Subcommittee
– Member, Levy Foundation: Fund raising for the reconstruction
of the St Paul’s Anglican Church 
Professor McFarlane-Anderson
– Chairman, Education Committee, International Proxy Parents
– Friends, Foundation for International Self Help (FISH).
Professor Wayne McLaughlin
– Board Member, Coconut Industry Board
– Deputy Chairman, National Commission on Science and
Technology, Jamaica - Biosafety Committee
– Council Member, Jamaica Society for Agricultural Sciences
Ms. Gail Nelson
– President, Jamaica Physiotherapy Association
– Jamaica’s representative, North American/Caribbean Regional
Chapter, World Confederation of Physical Therapy
Professor Omkar Parshad
– Immediate Past President, Lions Club of St. Andrew, Jamaica
– Vice President, Indian Cultural Society in Jamaica
159
Professor Harvey Reid 
– Member, Board of Governors, Cross Keys High School,
Manchester
– Member, Jamaica Wellness Cluster
– Member, Manchester Herb and Spices Association
– Member, Manchester Chamber of Commerce
– Member, Rural Agricultural Development Authority (RADA)
Professor. Oswald Simon
– Observer, Technical Advisory Committee for the CARICOM
Drug Testing Laboratory 
Dr. Paul Singh 
– Member, Caribbean Poison Information Network Management 
Committee
Dr. Lauriann Young- Martin
– Council Member, Holy Cross Community
Dr. Andrew Wheatley 
– Director,  Jamaica Anti-Doping Commission 
– Member, Jamaica National Commission for UNESCO
– Chair, Subcommittee on Science and Education, National
Anti-Doping Commission
– Vice-president, Association of Local Government Authorities
of Jamaica (ALGAJ)
– Chair, Education and Outreach Committee (JADCO)
– Mayor, St. Catherine Parish Council
160
Students Registration in Programmes
BB Med Sci. MB BS
Year 1 = 31 Year 1 = 267
Year 2 = 40 Year 2 = 273
Year 3 = 22 Year 3 = 170
Physical Therapy FPAS (Biochemistry)
Year 1 = 51 Year 1 = 267
Year 2 = 38 Year 2 = 109
Year 3 = 41 Year 3 = 64
Postgraduate Degrees Awarded
STENNETT, Dewayne – PhD Biochemistry
LINDSAY, Carole – MPhil Biochemistry
O’CONNOR, Nadi a – MPhil  Pharmacology
Postgraduate Scholarships Awarded
BROWN, Kesi
BURNETT, Aniki
CHRISTIE, Sara-Lou 
161
DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH &
PSYCHIATRY
Professor Denise Eldemire-Shearer, BA Bishop’s (C), MB BS,
PhD UWI – Head of Department
WORK OF THE DEPARTMENT
The Department of CommunityHealth and Psychiatry offers
training at both undergraduate and
postgraduate levels in several areas,
including psychiatry, public health, family
medicine and ageing.  Clinical primary
health care services are offered to the
surrounding communities by the
Department’s Health Centre which is also
a teaching facility and Clinical Psychiatric
services through the hospital.
This was a year of change for the Department with several staff
movements. 
Professor A McCaw-Binns was on sabbatical.  Two (2) members resigned
- Dr T Paul and 
Dr J Goulbourne.  Three retired- Dr J LaGrenade, Professor F Hickling
and Mrs D Falloon. 
The period August 2009 – July 2010 has been a challenging one given the
increased number of students, financial constraints and problems with
transportation to non-University Hospital of the West Indies sites. 
Classroom space especially for small group teaching has been a problem.
Despite this 90% of the targets set for the period were met. 
Undergraduate Programmes
Community Health is taught in all 5 years and Psychiatry in years 1, 3 and
4.  The increase in numbers especially in years 1 and 2 has led to revisions
162
in the delivery of courses.  These include the introduction of more
interactive sessions and built in continuous assessment.  The course
Understanding Research was revised and the teaching relationship with
Tropical Medicine Research Institute (TMRI) strengthened.  Psychiatry
has included more community activities in its rotations.  
Students’ ratings of staff remain high 90% averaging over 4.5.  Four
members of staff were commended for receiving a score of 5 on several
occasions. Course evaluations were slightly lower, averaging 4.3
Several members of staff have attended workshops by the Instructional
Development Unit (IDU) and Medical Educational Unit (MEU) on
improving teaching skills including curriculum design and setting
examinations.
Students performed well in end of term exams only Environmental Health 
(HE12B) having re-sit examinations.
Post Graduate Programmes
The Master of Public Health is now 25 years old and continues to meet
one of its early objectives which is to contribute financially to the
department. 
Regional collaboration with Cave Hill and St Augustine was initiated with
the sharing of all Master of Public Health (MPH) curricula.  A Regional
Consortium of Public Health Programmes has been started with the 12 -
Master of Public Health (MPH) programmes in the region. 
The process of accreditation with the Council for Education in Public
Health has begun.   
Doctor in Public Health (DrPH)
The Doctoral programme began with seven (7) students.  Six (6) from
Jamaica and one (1) from Trinidad and Tobago.  Candidates came together 
for 2-3 weeks blocks and continued teaching through webinars.  
163
Family Medicine
A coordinator for Family Medicine was appointed. The Diploma
programme was approved by the Board of Graduate Studies and all
courses have been developed. 
MPhil/PhD
Three (3) persons including two (2) staff members graduated with the
PhD Public Health 
DM Psychiatry 
The new curriculum has been fully implemented with the research project
being done in the 3rd year.  In the June 2010 examinations, there was
100% pass rate. 
On-Line Courses 
Problems continue with these programmes and no students were enrolled.
Action Ageing 
Training of community based personnel is the thrust of this entity.  The six 
month certificate course was offered with international participation.
There were 19 students, fifteen of which were Jamaicans, one from
Anquilla, one from Dominica and two from Bahamas. Workshops on
Ageing were held for the staff of the Ministry of Health and National
Council for Senior Citizens.  
Mona Ageing and Wellness Centre
The Centre continues its programme of teaching and research.  Several
members of staff have participated in Retirement and Ageing Well
Workshops across the island.  Having completed research on Age Friendly 
Primary Health Care – the clinical tools are now being introduced into the
pilot Health Centres.  
There is collaboration with Case Western University to make the toolkit a
regional initiative.   
164
Research
There were 43 publications in peer reviewed journals, a slight
improvement over 2008-2009.  Five (5) book chapters, 13 abstracts and
one (1) book. 
The research output from the section of Psychiatry improved significantly
and accounts for almost 50% of the department’s output. 
Members of staff made thirty-three presentations at scientific meetings
both nationally and internationally.
More collaboration in research between staff members is being
encouraged by the formation of three research groups and the
development of themes.  
Special Projects/Initiatives
Drs Wendel Abel and Clayton Sewell were involved with the Ministry of
National Security on three projects including: 
– Establishment of Induction and Counselling Services for
Persons Deported 
– Development of Life Skills Training Programme: Targeting
Residents of Inner City Communities (Community Security
Initiative of the Ministry of National Security and Justice) and
The establishment of the Special Programmes for Children with 
severe  Behavioral Problems (Ministry of Education-PASS
Programme
Dr Maria Jackson spent three (3) months at the University of Botswana
assisting with a nutrition, survey including development of field
instruments and data analysis.
Other Projects
Drs Kenneth James, Michelle Harris and Professor Denise
Eldemire-Shearer organized a Research Methods course for consultants in 
Accident and Emergency - to improve supervision of resident’s research
165
projects.  Courses have also been offered for residents in Surgery and
Medicine. 
Mrs Althea Bailey has assisted the University of Suriname, teaching Health 
Communication.
SERVICE
Service is offered through the Health Centre attached to the department
which also serves as a teaching site for undergraduate (160 students) and
postgraduate students including Nursing, the DM Emergency Medicine
(6) Interns (2) and Senior house officers (2).  Seven thousand three
hundred patients were seen.
Psychiatric Clinical Services are offered through in-patient, out-patient
and ambulatory community mental health services.  Three hundred and
eight patients were seen in screening clinics and three thousand two
hundred in general clinics.  Both postgraduate and undergraduate students 
accompany the community mental health team and participated in the
activities of the detoxification unit.  The development of psychotherapy
services is a significant achievement this year.
PAPERS PRESENTED
• McCaw Binns A, Holder-Nevins D, Alexander S, Bailey A.:
“Adverse Consequences of Uniformed A Sex: From STIs to
Pregnancy, Abortion and Maternal Death”, 3rd Americas
Regional Midwifery Conference, UWI School of Nursing
Theatre, May 27, 2010.
• Eldemire-Shearer D Different Pathways to Dementia.  The
Jamaican Experience, World Alzheimer Day September 2009.
• Eldemire-Shearer D Responses to Ageing, Seminar on Regional 
and International Ageing, Jamaica Conference Centre, October
2009.
166
• Eldemire-Shearer D Health Issues of the Elderly: The Primary
Health Care response, Case Western/PAHO American
Organization Workshop, May 10, 2010
• Eldemire-Shearer D Healthy Ageing Lifestyle Choices,
Caribbean Committee of Retired Persons (CCRP) Seminar, April
10, 2010
• Eldemire-Shearer D The Challenge of Ageing Coping with the
Golden Years, Medical Association Annual Conference, June 10,
2010.
• Jackson M. “Association of social and demographic factors with
weight status of adults in Botswana”.  Seminar, National Food
Technology Research Centre (NFTRC) December 2, 2009.
• Paul T and Maharaj S. Health Care Financing: Ethical
implication” Conference on Health Financing, October 29, 2009,
UWI School of Nursing, Mona.
• Campbell N “Environmental Interventions in addressing
workplace violence in the Health Sector” at the Violence
Prevention Alliance-Institute of Criminal Justice and Security,
UWI’s workshop, Mona Visitors’ Lodge, December 2, 2009.
• Campbell N “ Infection Prevention and Control in Healthcare
Settings” first Annual General Meeting of the Jamaica
Occupational Health Professionals Association (JOHPA),
Petroleum Corporation of Jamaica, December 4, 2009.
• Lowe G. “The Association of Parental Encouragement and
School engagement with depressive systems among Jamaica High 
School Students”, Faculty of Medical Science 18th Annual
Research Conference and Workshop held November 12-13, 2009
• Standard-Goldson A. “Certifying Physicians for General
Practice”- Role of the University, 4th Biennial Conference of the
Caribbean College of Family Physicians, Barbados, November
19-21, 2009.
167
• Goulbourne J. “Health for All:  Opportunity and Challenges” of
the Research Committee on Sociology of Health of the
International Sociological Association Conference (ISAC 15)
Jaipur, India, September 21-23, 2009.
• Gardner N, Wheatley A, Bahado-Singh P, Dilworth L, De La
Haye W,  Lowe H Salako A, Morrison E, Asemota H, “ Cocaine
Hydrochloride Metabolite Clearance in Cocaine Dependent Rats
College of Health Science, Health Professionals Conference
2010.  July 2010, University of Technology, Jamaica
• De La Haye W, “Cannabis – Medicine or Curse”, Medical
Association of Jamaica Annual Symposium, Jamaica Pegasus.
June 2010
• De La Haye W, Local Needs Assessment and Drug treatment
Partnership, at the City Level Organization of American States
(OAS) Inter American Drug Abuse Control Commission
(CICAD) Drugs Summit, Lugo, Spain, April 2010.
• De La Haye W, Alcohol Misuse in Jamaica- Ena Thomas
Memorial Symposium 2009, The Jamaica Pegasus November
2009
• Killough, A.L., Killough, E, G., Russell, W., Edwards C. L.,
Robinson, E., Merritt, M., Harrison, M.O., Wood , M., Hargrove,
A., Leach-Beale, B., Raynor, R., McNeil, J. Peils, J., Wellington,
C., Morgan, K., Logue, P., McDougald, C., Whitfield, K., Byrd,
G., Applegate, K., Bennett, G., Mathis, M., Abrams, M.,
Whitworth, E., DeCastro, L., Johnson, S., Horton, K., Scott, L.,
O’Garo, K., (August, 2009).  Does Culture Matter?  Minnesota
Humanities Commission, Normandale Community College,
Bloomington, MN 
• Figueroa JP.  The Challenges of Sustainable Development – a
Public Health Perspective. Mainstreaming Environmental &
Sustainability in Caribbean Universities, UWI, Mona, September
2009.
168
• Figueroa JP.  Highly Active Prevention: what the data show, at
the National HIV/STI Program 20th Annual Retreat and
Planning Review Workshop, Ocho Rios, October 2009.
• Figueroa JP. The Social Determinants of Health in the
Caribbean: a Public Health Perspective. 4th Annual Research Day, 
School of Clinical Medicine and Research, Nassau, Bahamas. 
April 9, 2010.
• Figueroa JP. The Caribbean HIV epidemic and response:
progress and challenge. UNAIDS meeting of Latin American and 
Caribbean managers and staff in Guatemala on June 30, 2010.
• Figueroa JP.  HIV prevention in the Caribbean: the challenge. 
UNAIDS meeting of Latin American and Caribbean Managers
and Staff in Guatemala on June 30, 2010.
• De La Haye W,  Addition and Smoking Cessation – UWI Health 
Forum Undercroft, UWI, Mona October 2009
• De La Haye W, The Management of Nicotine Misuse-
Healthcare Professional Seminar, Dept. of Community Health
and Psychiatry November 2009
• De La Haye W,  Psychiatric Co-Morbidity in Substance Abusers
–- Demand Reduction Expert Group Workshop Organization of
American States (OAS) Inter American Drug Abuse Control
Commission (CICAD) Mexico City, México October 2009
• De La Haye W,  Management of Nicotine Misuse, Training
Workshop for Family Physicians Knutsford Court Hotel,
October 2009
• Wendel Abel. “Psychiatry and the Law”: Association of Resident 
Magistrates.  November 2009
• Wendel Abel. “Treating insomnia, No Longer a Nightmare. 
Lecture to Medical doctors”. Kingston, Jamaica, March 2009.
• Wendel Abel. “The Management of Sleep Disorder. Western
Jamaica Chapter of the Medical Association of Jamaica. June 2010
169
• Wendel Abel. “Treatment of Bipolar Disorder: Caribbean
College of Family Physicians, July 2010.
PUBLICATIONS
WIMJ = West Indian Medical Journal
* Abel W D, Bourne P.A, Martin J S, Gibson R C, Hickling F
W.  A Public Health and Suicide Risk in Jamaica from
2002-2006.  North American Journal of Medical Sciences, August
2009 Vol. 1 (#3)
* Hickling F W, Gibson R C, Abel W D.  Public Policy and
Mental Health Research at the University of the West Indies,
1995-205. Journal of Education and Development in the Caribbean,
November 2008; Vol 10,
* Sewell CA, Martin J, Abel W.  Violence Prevention – A
primary care approach.  WIMJ 2009; Vol 58, No: 5,405-406
* Sewell C A, Martin J S, Abel W D, Domestic Violence:
Prevalence and Profile (Editorial). WIMJ; Vol 59, No: 1, 1-2
* Martin J S, Sewell C A, Abel W D. Substance Abuse
Treatment – the Special Needs Populations. WIMJ; Vol 59, No:
1, 82-83
* Lindo JLM, LaGrenade J, McCaw-Binns A, Eldemire-
Shearer D. Health Status and Health Maintenance Practices
among Doctors and Nurses at two Hospitals in Jamaica.  WIMJ, 
2009; Vol 58, No: 6, 539-45
* Eldemire-Shearer D, Holder-Nevins D, Morris C, James. 
Prevention for better health among older persons: Are primary
health care clinics in Jamaica meeting the challenge?  Findings
from a cross –sectional study.  WIMJ, 2009; Vol 58
* Arthur C, Hickling FW, Gibson RC, Robertson-Hickling H,
Whitley R, Haynes-Robinson T, Abel W. “Mad, sick, head nuh
170
good: Mental illness stigma in Jamaican communities”. Transcult
Psychiatry 2010;47:252-275.
* Gibson R.C. Jackson S, Abel W, Wright-Pascoe, Clarke T.R,
Gilbert D. T. HIV Seroprevalence among Hospital Inpatients
with Neuropsychiatric and other Central Nervous System
Disorders. WIMJ,  Vol. 59 No.4
* Clarke T. R, Gibson R, Barrow G, James S, Abel W D, Barton
E N.  Disclosure of HIV Status among HIV Clinic Attendees in
Jamaica WIMJ; Vol 59, No. 4. 
* Clarke T R, Gibson R, Barrow, Abel E N., Barton E.N. 
Depression among Persons Attending a HIV/AIDS
Outpatient Clinic in Kingston, Jamaica.  WIMJ; Vol 59 No 4.
* Lipps G E, Lowe G A,  DeLa Haye W, Longman-Mills,
Barton E N, Clarke T R, Bain B. Validation of the Beck
Depression Inventory II in HIV-positive Patients.  WIMJ; Vol
59 No 4. 
* De La Haye W, Clarke T R, Lipps G, Lowe G A,
Longman-Mills S, Barton N E,  Bain  B. Patterns of Depressive
Symptoms Among Patients with HIV Infection. WIMJ; Vol 59
No 4.
* Robertson-Hickling H, Paisley V, Guzder J, & Hickling FW.
“Fostering resilience in children at risk through a cultural
therapy intervention in Kingston, Jamaica". J Health Care Poor
Underserved, November 2009, Supplement; 20(4):31-35.  
* Hickling FW. “Psychiatry in Jamaica”. International Psychiatry;
January 2010; 7(1). 
* Hickling FW, Guzder J, Robertson-Hickling H, Snow S,
Kirmayer L. “Psychic centrality: Reflections on two
psychohistoriographic cultural therapy workshops in Montreal”
Transcult Psychiatry, 2010; 47:136-158.
171
* Hickling F W. “The European American Psychosis: A
Psychohistoriographic Perspective of Contemporary Western
Civilization”. J Psychohist, June 2009:37(1).
* Hickling FW. “The psychology of stardom in Jamaican
popular culture: We never know wi woulda reach dis far”.
Wadabagei, 2009; 11(2):9-40.
* Hickling FW. “The high cost of poverty: Mental health
perspectives from the Caribbean diaspora”. International
Psychiatry, 2009; 6(2):29-30.
* Holder-Nevins D, Eldemire-Shearer D, McCaw-Binns A. 
“Competition for Adolescents’ sexual and Reproductive Health 
Values:  Is the Media winning”.  WIMJ, 2009; Vol 58, No: 4,
326-30
* Cloos P, Allen C, Alvarado B, Zunzunegui N V,  Simon D,
Eldemire-Shearer D.  “Active Ageing”: A qualitative study in
6 Caribbean countries.  Ageing & Society, 30,  2010 79-101
* Holder-Nevins D,  McCaw Binns A, Eldemire-Shearer D,
Campbell-Stennett D.  Are Women Ready to do HIV Test?
WIMJ; Vol 58, No:6, 575-79
* Lipps G, Lowe G A, Halliday S, Morris-Patterson A, Clark N,
Wilson R N.  A. Brief report on the Association of Academic
Tracking with Depressive Symptoms in High School Students
in Jamaica. Journal of Black Psychology, 2009. 
* Lipps, G., Lowe, G. A., Halliday, S., Morris, A., Clarke, N. &
Wilson, R. (2010).  The Association of Academic Tracking to
Depressive Symptoms Among High School  Students in Three
Caribbean Countries.  Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental 
Health, 4: 16 (28 May 2010). 
* Jones Cooper C M, James K, Wilks R J, .HTLV-1 Related
Knowledge, Attitude and  Behaviour Pattern among Mothers
who Participated in the Jamaica Breastfeeding Intervention
Study (1996-2000).  WIMJ; Vol 59, No:1
172
* Brodie-Walker S N, Morgan K A D.  Exploring Delinquency:
Are Exposure to Violence, Self-esteem and Parent-child
Attachment predictors of Juvenile Delinquency.  In Jamaican
Adolescents?  Children’s Issue Coalition; (4) 19-34.
* Reddy, S., Edwards, C.L., Wood, M., O’Garo, K., Morgan, K.,
Edwards, L., Wellington, C., McDougald, C., Feliu, M., McNeil,
J., Whitfield, K. Body Image in a sample of Adult African
American Males & Females with Sickle Cell disease (SCD).
(2010). Journal of African American Studies, 14 (1) (online 21,
2010).
* Heslop O D, MF Smikle, IE Vickers, NA Christian, KM
Harvey, JP Figueroa et al. High Genetic Diversity in Type- 1 in
Jamaica.  WIMJ, 2009; 58 (3): 195-200.
* Duncan J, Gebre Y, grant Y, Wedderburn M, Byfield L, Bourne
D, Brown M, Figueroa JP.  HIV prevalence and related
behaviour among sex workers in Jamaica.  STD.  January 8,
2010.
* Figueroa J P, Jones Cooper C. Attitudes Towards Male
Circumstances Among  Attendees at a Sexuality Transmitted
Infection Clinic in Kingston, Jamaica Andrinopoulos K,
Kerrigan D, Figueroa JP, Reese R, Gaydos C, Bennett L,
Bloomfield B, Plunkett L, Maru C, Ellen KM, Establishment of
an HIV/sexually transmitted disease programme and
prevalence of infection among incarcerated men in Jamaica.
International Journal of STD and AIDS, 2010; 21: 114-119.
* Nadai Y, Eyzaguirre LM, Sill A, Cleghorn F, Nolte C, Charurat
M, Collado-Chastel S, J Jack N, Page JW, Figueroa JP, Blattner
WA, Carr JK. HIV-1 Epidemic in the Caribbean  is dominated
by Subtype B. PloS ONE 2009; 4(3): e 4814. 
* Thame MM, Jackson MD, Manswell P, Osmond C, Antoine
MG Weight Retention  within the puerperium in adolescents: a
risk factor for obesity? Public Health Nutrition  (2009) 1: 1-6.
173
* Jackson MD, Walker SP, Simpson CM, McFarlane-Anderson
N, Bennett FL, Coard  KC, Aiken WD, Tulloch T, Paul TJ, Wan 
RL. Body size and risk of prostate cancer in Jamaica men.  Cancer 
Causes Control.  2010 February 16.
* McCaw-Binns A, Ashley D, Samms Vaughan M.  Impact of
the Jamaica Birth Cohort Study on Maternal, Child and
Adolescent Health policy and Practice. Paediatric Perinatal
Epidemiology, 2010; 24 (1) 3-11.
*  Andrinopoulos K, Kerrigan D, Figueroa JP, Reese R, Ellen
JM. HIV coping self efficacy: a key to understanding stigma and
HIV test acceptance among incarcerated  men in Jamaica. AIDS 
Care. 2010; 22 (3): 339-347.
* Figueroa JP, Weir SS, Byfield L, Hall A, Cummings S,
Suckindron C. The Challenge of promoting safe sex at sites
where persons go to meet new sex partners in Jamaica: results of 
the Kingston PLACE randomized controlled trial. Tropical
Medicine and  International Health, 2010; 15 (8): 945-954 2010.
* McCaw-Binns A, Lewis-Bell K, Small Victories, New
Challenges Two Decades of  Maternal Mortality Surveillance in
Jamaica.  WIMJ; Vol 58, (6): 518-32
* James C, De La Haye W, The Lived Experiences, Challenges
and Treatment of a Transsexual in the Jamaican Context. J of
Social and Economic Studies, March 2010
* McCaw-Bins A, Lewis-Bell K, (correspondence). New
modeled estimates of maternal mortality.  Lancet 2010 June; 375
(9730): 1967-68.
* Pattinson R, Say L, Souza JP, van den Broek N, Rooney C on
behalf of the Working  Group on Maternal Mortality and
Morbidity Classifications (McCaw-Binns A, Gulmezoglu AM,
Jayathilaka A, Yadamsuren B, Rooney C, Souza JP, Barrett J,
Cecatti JG, Say L, Bartlett L, Stanton ME, Ramadan MC, van
den Broek N, Pattinson RC, Gonzalez R, Filippi V). WHO
174
maternal death and near-miss classifications (editorial). Bull
World Health Organ, 2009 October; 87:734.
Book Chapters
* Figueroa JP.  The Challenge of Sexual Active School Children
in the Caribbean in the era of HIV/AIDS.  Challenging HIV &
AIDS: A new role for Caribbean Education pages 167-173. Ed
M Morrissey, M Bernard, D Bundy Ian Randle Publishers,
UNESCO 2010.
* Figueroa JP.  Understanding Sexual Behaviour in Jamaica. 
“The African-Caribbean Worldview and the Making of
Caribbean Society”. Ed Horace Levy.  University of the West
Indies Press, Kingston, Jamaica, 2009.
* Makubalo LE, Lansang MA, Figueroa JP, Public Health
Science and Policy in low to middle income countries.  Oxford
Textbook of Public Health; Vol 2, 810-824 Oxford University
Press. 2009.
* Bailey W, McCaw-Binns A.  Barriers to integration of HIV &
AIDS infected/affected children into the Jamaica school
system. In: Morrissey M, Bernard M, Bundy D (editors). 
Challenging HIV and AIDS: new role for Caribbean Education. 
UNESCO & Ian Randle Publishers: Kingston, 2010; pp
140-154.
* Paulette A.  Ramsay, Vivienne A.  Harding, Janice A. Cools,
Ingrid A. Mc Laren.  Wendel A, Shackled to the Past, Trapped
in the Present.  Blooming With The Pouis.  (Book Chapter) Ian
Randle Publishers, Kingston Miami. 2009.
Short Monographs
* De La Haye W Pockets Handbook to Guideline for the
Management of Nicotine Misuse – A quick guide
Technical Reports
* Peter  Figueroa.  Epidemiology of HIV in Jamaica.  Technical
report prepared on behalf of the World Bank.
175
* Maria Jackson. Associations of social and demographic
factors with weight status of adults in Botswana. (30 pages)
* Maria Jackson.  Dietary Intakes of adults in Botswana and
associations with weight status. (74 pages)
* Maria Jackson. Proposed multi-nutrient fortification of
sorghum/soya blend.
* Denise Eldemire-Shearer and Mona Ageing & Wellness
Centre.  Disaster Guidelines for the Elderly
Special Report
* Affette McCaw-Binns, Tomlin Paul.  Comprehensive
assessment of existing service delivery options within the early
childhood sector and implication for scaling up.  Report to the
Early Childhood Commission, Ministry of Education, July
2009.
Abstracts
* G Lipps, G A Lowe,  S Halliday, A Morris, N Clarke,  & R
Wilson. (2010). The Association of Academic Tracking to
Depressive Symptoms Among High School Students in Three
Caribbean Countries.  WIMJ, 59 (Suppl. 2), 44.
* G Lowe. Association of parental involvement and school
engagement with depressive signs among Jamaica High School
students.  WIMJ 2009; Vol 58 (supp 4) 19.
*  A McCaw-Binns , D Holder-Nevins, Alevander S,  Bailey
A.  Adverse consequences of uninformed adolescence sex from
sexuality transmitted infection to pregnancy abortion and
natural death. WIMJ, 2009; Vol 58 (supp 4) 20.
* Kahwa Ishenkumba, Elva Clarke and Norbert Campbell.
Asbestos Abatemanet in Succabba, St. Catherine: Action-
oriented Research. Newsletter  of the Bioethics Society of the
English-Speaking Caribbean Issue 3 Number 1 December 2009 
available online at http://ww.bioethicscaribe.org.jm/Bioethics-dec2009.pdf 
176
* Henroy Scarlett, Tomlin Paul, Norbert Campbell and
Satnarine Maharaj. Bioethics as added value in an
Environmental Health Programme for medical students.
Newsletter of the Bioethics Society of the English-Speaking
Caribbean Issue 3 Number 1 December 2009 available online at 
http://ww.bioethicscaribe.org.jm/Bioethics-dec2009.pdf.
* D Williams, K Foster-Williams, N Younger, M Samms-Vaughn, 
A. McCaw-Binns, D Ashley, G Sergeant. Succeeding
academically despite perinatal socio-economic challenges.
WIMJ, 2009; Vol 58 (supp 4) 34
* D Ferguson, S Maharaji, W Segree, K James, Policies and
plans to guide effective shelter management programmes
post-disaster, a review of selected Caribbean countries. WIMJ,
2009; Vol 58 (supp 4) 41
* JLM Lindo, J LaGrenade, A. McCaw-binns, M Boyne, D
Eldemire-Shearer.  Elucidation of comminuting as a possible
contributor to stress among office-based employees in
Kingston, Jamaica.  WIMJ, 2009; Vol 58 (supp 4) 48
* Weir SS, Figueroa JP, Hobbs M, Byfield L, Cooper C “What in
a name; issues in defining most at risk populations”. 18th
International Society for STD Research.  London 28 June – July
2009. Abstract P3.136.  www.isstdrlondon2009.com.
* JP Figueroa, Weir SS, Jones-Cooper C, Byfield L, Hobbs M,
McNight I, Cummings S. “High rates of HIV and bisexuality
among MSM in Jamaica act as a bridge for HIV into the general
population”. 18th International Society for STD Research,
London, June 28 – July 1, 2009. Abstract OS2.3.03.
www.isstdrlondon2009.com.
* Cocaine Hydrochloride Metabolite Clearance in Cocaine
Dependent Rats.  N Gardner, A Wheatley, P Bahado-Singh, L
Dilworth, W De La Haye, H Lowe, A Salako, E Morrison, H
Asemota . Journal of Arts Science and Technology, July 2010; 4
(Suppl. 1) 30-31
177
* The Use of Nutritional Supplements in Reducing Craving
Associated with Cocaine Dependence. De La Haye W,
Gardner N, Wheatley  A, Bahado-Singh P, Luke K, Lowe H,
Ahmad M, Salako A, Asemota H. 2nd International Conference
on Drug Discovery and Therapy. Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 
Abstract, February 2010
* Williams D, Foster-Williams K, Younger N, Samms-Vaughan
M, McCaw-Binns A, Ashley D, Serjeant G. Succeeding
academically despite perinatal socio-economic challenges.
WIMJ, 2009; Vol 58 (supp 4) 24
CATEGORIES OF STUDENTS
Year I  Health Care Concepts ]  
Introduction to Medical    ]                  279 students
Practice (MDSC2202) 
Year 2 Health and Environment      188 students
(MDSC2105)
 Year 3 Health Services Management  ]
Web-based (MDSC3104)
         Understanding Research        ]                160 students                             
(MDSC3200)
Clinical Rotations 
Year 3 Psychiatry ] 160 students
Community Health ] Aspects of Family
  Medicine (MDSC3203)
160 students
Year 4 Psychiatry ]  (MDSC4011) 127 students
Community Health ]  (MDSC4002) 127 students
Year 5 CommunityCommunity    (MDSC5001)  139 students
Health
178
Graduating Students
Other Students
Community Care of the Elderly 19 students
Postgraduate
Master of Public Health 23 students
Master of Public Health/Health Promotion 15 students
DM Psychiatry   1 student
PhD Public Health      3 students 
179
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE
Professor Everard Nathaniel Barton BSc (Hons) UWI, MBBS
(Ibadan), DM (Internal Medicine) UWI, FACP, FRCP(Ed)
– Head of Department
WORK OF DEPARTMENT
The period August 1, 2009 – July 31, 2010saw the Department achieving most of
the targets it had set for the period. The
members of staff put their shoulders to wheel
to create an advance academic environment for
nurturing students, research and collaboration
with other departments and universities. The
memorandum of understanding drafted by the
department re: Collaboration with the
University of Minnesota was signed on behalf
of the faculty in the year. This would facilitate
students and staff exchanges between the Faculty of Medical Sciences at
Mona and the training institutes at Hennepin County Hospital, Minnesota. 
An informal collaboration continues with the Mayo Clinic, Suny
Downstate, New York, Toronto and London. There is a formal
arrangement for training, staff exchange and research in nephrology with
the University of Michigan organized through the International Society of
Nephrology. This arrangement will also benefit the Pathology department
in the development of the Nephropathology services. The Consortium for 
hypertension in the South Eastern United States (COSEHC) after a site
visit to the Department and Faculty has made the Department one of its
Centers of Excellence for Cardiovascular Disease in the world. Professor
Everard Barton was recognized as Centre of Excellence Director for
driving such excellence.
The Department had several visiting Professors: Richard Santen,
(University of Virgina), Akinlolu Ojo (University of Michigan), Samuel
Dagogo-Jack (University of Tennessee) and Emeritus Professor of
180
Medicine, George Nicholson (UWI) all of whom gave erudite lectures and
held interactive tutorials with undergraduates and postgraduates.
The continuing medical education of healthcare professionals and the
public through conferences/ seminars/ symposia/radio and television
programmes continued. The Department successfully hosted its 2nd
summer course with some lecturer support from the Department of
Community Health and Psychiatry. Academic teaching conferences
during the International vasculitis, cardiovascular and renal weeks were
also successfully executed. These were also coupled with educational
programmes to the public aimed at healthy life style. There was the 3rd
annual International Conference on Nephrology and Hypertension by the
Department and this was of a high standard and brought together local,
regional and International clinicians and scientists in an excellent
conference.
The Department continued its outreach programmes to strengthen
Departments of Medicine at Mandeville and St Ann’s Bay Hospitals and to 
create an academic and clinical environment for teaching students and for
preventative and curative medicine. The Department also assisted with
consultation services at Princess Margaret Hospital, St. Thomas, Jamaica
and Kingston Public Hospital. Several members of staff are resource
personnel on non-governmental organizations concerned with public
health. 
The training in sub-specialty areas in medicine has continued in
nephrology and gastroenterology. All syllabuses for other sub-specialties
(5) are completed and await institutional approval.
The Head of Department was instrumental in obtaining funding from a
non-governmental organization to develop a web- based renal registry for
Jamaica. This is completed and is in an implementation stage in
collaboration with the Ministry of Health, Jamaica. The Department is also 
working with the Ministry of Health to set up a national renal registry.
Meetings have also taken place with the Chief Medical Officers of the
Caribbean, re: the Caribbean registry, which would be vital in providing
data for policy formulation on not only renal disease but the
non-communicable diseases that lead to kidney failure.
181
The teaching record of the Department remains strong (4.4) and at the
undergraduate level the pass rate was between 90-95% with several
honours and at the postgraduate level 95-100%. The most outstanding
student of all four campus sites in the Medicine and Therapeutics
examination was from the Mona Campus.
The following members of staff were honoured with the Fellowship of the 
Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh: Professor Michael Lee, Dr.
Rosemarie Wright-Pascoe and Dr. Milton Arthurs. Dr. Adedamola Soyibo 
and Dr. Dwight Whittle were awarded membership of the American
College of Physicians. 
Professor Michael Lee will assume Headship of the Department from
August 1, 2010 and the Department gives him full support.  
Grants totaled JA$9 million.
PAPERS PRESENTED 
Professor E.N. Barton
• Web-based Caribbean Renal registry. Caribbean Association of
Nephrologists and Urologist, April 2010, Trinidad and Tobago
Dr. C. Collie
• Second Hand Smoke; A Clear and Present Danger. MAJ
Symposium. June 2010
Dr. A. East-Innis
• An Unusual Case of Keratoderma. Caribbean Dermatology
Association Annual Conference, November 2009, St. Lucia
Professor M. Lee
• Acid Peptic Disease: Answers to Burning Questions. October
2009, Kingston, Jamaica
182
• Dyspepsia. Annual Ena Thomas Memorial Conference,
November 2009, Jamaica.
• Prevalence of Needlestick Injuries and Other High Risk
Exposures Among Health Care Workers in Jamaica. Annual
Faculty of Medical Sciences Research Conference, January 2009,
UWI, Kingston, Jamaica
• Helicobacter pylori Infection In Children Undergoing Upper
Endoscopy In Turks and Caicos Islands, BWI. Annual Faculty of
Medical Sciences Research Conference, January 2010, UWI,
Kingston, Jamaica
• Colon Cancer Screening. Colon Cancer Awareness Symposium.
Jamaica Cancer Society and the Association of Consultant
Physicians. March 2010, Kingston, Jamaica
• Screening of Colorectal Cancer. Caribbean Association of
Oncology and Haematology Annual Conference. April 2010,
Montego Bay, Jamaica.
Dr. K. Maloney
• Rheumatoid Arthritis: Tending, Mending and Spending.
Continuing Education for Pharmacists, 2010, Kingston Jamaica
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Pregnancy. Annual Lupus
Symposium 2009, Kingston, Jamaica
Dr. A.K. Soyibo
• Acute Renal Failure in the Intensive Care Unit, December 2009,
UHWI, Jamaica
• Anaemia in Chronic Kidney Disease. Renal Week Symposium,
March 2010, Kingston, Jamaica
• Cardiovascular Disease in Jamaica: Rational for Management of
Hypertensive Dyslipidaemia. May 2010, Kingston, Jamaica
• Novel Diuretic Therapy, June 2010, Kingston, Jamaica.
183
• Introduction of Web Based Caribbean Registry. Caribbean
Association of Nephrologists and Urologists. April 2010,
Trinidad & Tobago
Dr. D.O. Whittle
• Pathologies of Oesophagus, Stomach and the Liver. September
24, 2009, Kingston, Jamaica
• Helicobacter pylori in Turks and Caicos Islands. UWI Research
Day, January 2010, Kingston, Jamaica 
• Hypertension/Dyslipidaemia, March 18, 2010, Mandeville,
Jamaica
Dr. R. Wright-Pascoe
• Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Diabetes
Mellitus. Diabetes Educators of the Caribbean Ltd. 5th Annual
Clinical Conference, September 5-6, 2009, Kingston, Jamaica
• Health Care Financing – A Physician’s View. The Jamaica
Association of Health Service Executives Annual Conference,
October 2009, UWI, Kingston, Jamaica.
• The Medical Management of the Pregnant Female with
Hyperglycaemia. The IDF 2010 Guidelines. 16th Annual
International Diabetes Conference. March 2010, Sunset Jamaica
Grand, Jamaica
• New Approaches to Diabetes management: Maintaining
Long-term Glycaemic Control. 16th Annual International
Diabetes Conference. March 2010, Sunset Jamaica Grand,
Jamaica
• Metabolic Benefits of Valsartan. Mandeville Regional Hospital
and South Central MAJ Symposium, February 15, 2010,
Mandeville, Jamaica.
• Managing Metabolic Syndrome. Medical Association of Jamaica’s 
Annual Symposium, June  2010, Kingston, Jamaica
184
• Diabetic Nephropathy. March 2010, Cayman Islands
• Getting It Right: Improving Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus; Achieving AIC Target for Glycaemic Control. The
Caribbean College of Family Physicians Workshop, January 2010, 
Kingston, Jamaica.
• Overview of Diabetes Mellitus – Making decisions About Drugs
and When to Switch to Insulin. Kingston and St. Andrew (KSA)
Primary Care Doctors Continuing Medical Education. April
2010, Edna Manley Clinic
• Role of Insulin in the Management of Global Cardiovascular
Risk. Medical Associates Doctors Continuing Medical Education, 
June 2010, Kingston, Jamaica
• New and Developing Trends in Health Care Research and
Management. College of Health Science, University of
Technology, 2010 Health Professionals Conference, July  2010,
Kingston, Jamaica
• Thiazolidinediones – The Ongoing Debate. Dr. Reddy’s
Continuing Medical Education, July 2010, Bloomfield Great
House, Mandeville, Jamaica
• Treating Diabetes Mellitus Type II in 2010 and Beyond.
Association of Consultant Physicians of Jamaica Annual
Symposium, September 2009, Kingston, Jamaica.
Papers presented at the Department of Medicine Summer Course,
July 2010, Kingston, Jamaica
Professor E.N. Barton
• Chronic Renal Failure and the Non-Nephrologist.
Dr. C. Collie
• Preventing Mortality in Asthma.
185
Dr. A. East-Innis
• The Physician’s Guide to Dermatology
Dr. K. Maloney
• Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• Update on New Therapies For Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Dr. A.K. Soyibo
• Slowing the Slippery Slope to Dialysis. 
• Vasculitis and the Kidney 
Dr. D.O. Whittle
• Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.
Dr. W. Williams
• Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin
Receptor Blockers, Direct Renin Inhibitors and their Effects on
Kidney Diseases. 
• Lupus Nephritis: Best Practices.
Dr. R. Wright-Pascoe
• Approach to the Patient with Short Stature. 
• Treatment of Diabetes mellitus.
Papers presented at the 2nd Annual Conference on Nephrology and
Hypertension, January 2010, Montego Bay, Jamaica
Professor E.N. Barton
• Peritoneal Dialysis Outcome.
Dr. K. Maloney
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and the Rheumatologist
186
Dr. A.K. Soyibo
• Membranous Glomerulonephritis in Jamaica. 
• Obesity Related Kidney Disease. 
• Peritoneal Dialysis Outcome at the University of the West Indies. 
• Web-Based Renal Registry
Dr. W. Williams
• Fetal Origin of Renal Diseases
• Lupus Nephritis Update
PUBLICATIONS
West Indian Medical Journal = WIMJ
Peer Reviewed Papers
* E.N. Barton, HIV/AIDS: Various issues explored WIMJ
2010; 59: (4) 345-7
* M. Miller, M. Gooden, D, Shah, A.K. Soyibo, J Williams, E.N.
Barton. Renal Biopsy Findings in Jamaican Children, WIMJ
2010; 59:  325-329
* C. Lawal, A.K. Soyibo, A. Frankson, E.N. Barton.
Characteristics, Complications and Outcomes of Patients
Treated with Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, WIMJ 2010; 59:
312-318
* G.E. Lipps, G.A. Lowe, W de LaHaye, S. Longman E.N.
Barton, T.R. Clarke, B. Bain. Validation of the Beck
Depression Inventory-11 in HIV-Positive patients, WIMJ 2010; 
59:4:  374-379
* T.R. Clarke, R.C. Gibson, G. Barrow, W.D. Abel, E.N.
Barton. Depression Among Persons Attending HIV/AIDS
Outpatient Clinic in Kingston, Jamaica, WIMJ 2010; 59:
369-373
187
* T.R. Clarke, R.C. Gibson, G. Barrow, W.D. Abel, E.N.
Barton. Disclosure of HIV Status Among HIV Clinic
Attendees in Jamaica, WIMJ 2010; 59: 445-449
* T.R. Clarke G Barrow, D. Thompson, R.C. Gibson, E.N
Barton. Response to First Line HAART Using CD4 Cell Count: 
Experience in a University Hospital in Kingston, WIMJ 2010;
59: 439-444
* G. Barrow, T.R. Clarke, E.N. Barton. An Analysis of Three
Opportunistic Infections in an Outpatient HIV Clinic in
Jamaica, WIMJ 2010; 59: 393-399
* T.R. Clarke, G. Barrow, E.N. Barton, D.T. Gilbert. Spinal
Tuberculosis in HIV- Positive Males, WIMJ 2010; 59: 453
* J. Duncan, Y. Grant, T.R. Clarke, K.M. Harvey, R.C. Gibson,
G. Barrow, W.D. Abel, E.N. Barton, J.P. Figueroa.
Sociodemographics and Clinical Presentation of HIV in
Jamaica over 20 years: A comparative Analysis of surveillance,
WIMJ 2010; 59: 409-417 
* W de LaHaye, T.R. Clarke, G. E. Hipps. G. A. Lowe, S
Longman-Mills, E.N. Barton, B. Bain. Patterns of Depressive
symptoms in patients with the Human Immunodeficiency virus, 
WIMJ 2010; 59: 380-385
* M.G. Lee, H. Emery, D.W. Whittle, D. Jackson, E.K
Donaldson. Helicobacter pylori Infection In Children
Undergoing Upper Endoscopy In Jamaica, Internet Journal of
Tropical Medicine 2009; (5) 2
* J. Plummer, N. Williams, P. Johnson, M.G. Lee. Left Colon
and Liver Haemangiomas, Canadian Journal of Surgery. 2009;
52:195-196
* K. Thame, T. James, N.P. Williams, M.F. Smikle, M.G. Lee.
Helicobacter Pylori Infection In Children Undergoing Upper
Endoscopy In Jamaica, Internet Journal of Gastroenterology. 2010:
(9), 2
188
* T.M. Foster, M.G. Lee, C.D. McGaw, M.A. Frankson.
Prevalence of Needle-stick Injuries and Other High Risk
Exposure Among Healthcare Workers in Jamaica, WIMJ 2010;
59: 153-158
* T.M. Foster, M.G. Lee, C.D. McGaw, M.A. Frankson.
Knowledge and Practice of Occupational Infection Control
among Healthcare Workers In Jamaica, WIMJ 2010; 59:
147-152
* M. Walwyn, A. Nicholson, M.G. Lee, G. Wharfe, M.A.
Frankson. Febrile Neutropoenia in Jamaica, WIMJ 2010; 59:
209-214
* R. Alfred, A.K. Soyibo. A Case of Lupus-Associated
Pancreatitis. WIMJ 2010; 59:  338-341
* R. Alfred A.K. Soyibo. Mycophenolate Mofetil in Minimal
Change Nephrosis, WIMJ 2010; 59: 330-331
* M. Gooden, M. Miller, D. Shah, A.K. Soyibo, J. Williams, E.N.
Barton. Clinicopathological Features of Atypical Nephrotic
Syndrome in Jamaican Children, WIM 2010; 59:  319-324
* R. Alfred, L Buchner-Daley, A.K. Soyibo, D. Brady-West, R.
Hardy, D. McGrowder. Late Onset Fanconi’s Anaemia in an
Afro-Caribbean, National American Journal of Medicine 2010; 102:
132-134
* Y. Fraser, A.K. Soyibo, D. McGrowder, T.R. Clarke, E.N.
Barton. The Importance of Bone Biomarkers in the Diagnosis
of Renal Osteodystrophy, WIM 2010; 59:  332-337
* D.O. Whittle, R. Ewing, M.G. Lee. The Prevalence of
Helicobacter pylori Infection in patients undergoing upper
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in the Turks and Caicos Islands,
WIMJ 1020; 59: 309-311
* D.O. Whittle, M.G. Lee, B. Hanchard. Juvenile Polyposis
Syndrome, WIMJ 2010; 59: 306-308
189
* K. Foster-Williams, N. Younger, A. Brown-Dennis, D.E.
Ashley, A. McCain-Binns, M. Samms-Vaughn, W. Williams,
G.R. Serjeant. Perinatal Factors in students admitted to the
University of the West Indies: Data from the Jamaican Perinatal
Study, WIMJ 2010; 59: 295 - 299
* R.C. Gibson, S. Jackson, W.D Abel, R. Wright-Pascoe, T.R.
Clarke, D.T. Gilbert, E.N. Barton. HIV Seroprevalence
among Hospital Inpatients with Neuropsychiatric and other
Central Nervous System Disorders, WIMJ 2010; 59: 434 - 438 
* R.A. Wright-Pascoe. Clinical Features of Spontaneous
Hypothyroidism in a Physician’s Practice in Jamaica,
International Journal of General Medicine 2010; 3: 137-141
* T.S. Ferguson. M.K. Tulloch-Reid, N.O. Younger, M.S. Boyne,
R.A. Wright-Pascoe, V.E. Elliot, J. Vanden-Brook, R.J.
Wilks. Cardiovascular Disease Among Diabetic Inpatients at a
Tertiary Hospital in Jamaica, Diabetic Vascular Disease Review
2010; 7 (3) 24 -2
* J.L. Mills, R.R. Irving, E.G. Choo-Kang, R.A. Wright-Pascoe,
A.A. Mullings, E.Y. Morrison, L. Gabay. Multigenerational
Inheritance and Clinical Characteristics of Three Large
Pedigrees with Early Onset Type 2 Diabetes In Jamaica, Rev
Panam Salud Publica 210; 27(6): 435-441
* M.K. Tulloch-Reid, M.S. Boyne, M.F. Smikle, E.G.
Choo-Kang, R.H Parks, R.A. Wright-Pascoe, E.N. Barton,
D.E. Williams. Clinical and Laboratory Features of Youth
Onset Type 2 Diabetes in Jamaica, WIMJ 2010; 59: 131-138
Abstracts in Peer Reviewed Journal
* B. Anglin-Brown, J. Mullings, J Garvey-Henry. Lessons
Learned in Scaling-up and Integrating HIV Testing in a Primary
Healthcare Facility: The Counselling, Testing and Intervention
Programme, WIMJ 2010; 59: 57
190
* S.N. Chin, M.S. Boyne, D. McGrowder, T.N. Gibson, C.A.
McKenzie. The Predictive Value of Urinary VMA Testing in the 
Diagnosis of Phaeochromocytoma at the University Hospital of 
the West Indies, WIMJ 2010; 59: 48
* F. Gayle, A.K. Soyibo, D.T. Gilbert, E.N. Barton. Quality of
Life in End Stage Renal Disease: A Multicentre Study, WIMJ
2009; 59: 50-51
* C.O. Lawal. A.K. Soyibo, A. Frankson, E.N. Barton.
Characteristics, Complications and Outcome in Patients
Treated with Automated Peritoneal Dialysis at the University
Hospital of the West Indies, WIMJ 2009; 59: 36
* M.B. Lawrence-Wright, M.S. Boyne, C. Osmond, R. Fraser,
M.M. Thame, S. Soares-Wynter, M. Reid, T.E. Forrester. Early
Life Origins of Left Ventricular Mass and Arterial Stiffness in
Jamaican Children, WIMJ 2010; 58:29
* M.B. Lawrence-Wright, H.A. Brown, S. Shah, M. Frankson,
S. Lawrence, D.T. Gilbert, I.W. Crandon. Risk Factor Burden
Predicts Cardiovascular Disease: Presentation and Severity of
Carotid Stenosis in a Black Caribbean Population, WIMJ 2009;
58: 4: 31-32
* S. Leslie, W. West, T.R. Clarke, D. Brady-West, K. Hill, P.
Johnson. CT Brain Findings in HIV-Positive Patients with
Acute Clinical Presentations, WIMJ 2009; 58:37
* J. Mullings, B. Anglin-Brown, J. Garvey-Henry. Counselling,
Testing and Intervention: Integrating and Scaling-up HIV
Testing in a Primary Healthcare Facility, WIMJ 2009; 58: 50
* R. Wright-Pascoe. Developments in Medical Sciences, Journal
of Arts, Science and Technology 2010; 4:23-24
* R. Wright-Pascoe. New Approaches to Diabetes
Management: Maintaining Long-Term Glycaemic Control,
WIMJ 2010; 59:31
191
* R. Wright-Pascoe. The Medical Management of the Pregnant
Female with Hyperglycaemia: The IDF Guidelines, WIMJ 2010; 
59:23
PUBLIC SERVICE
Professor E.N. Barton
– Volunteer, Outreach Programme: St. Ann, Manchester, St.
Mary, St. Elizabeth. Health Education, Preventative and
Clinical Care.
– Resource Person, Lupus Foundation
– Resource  Person, Kidney Support Foundation
– Member, Medical Review Panel, Ministry of Health
– Coordinator, for Establishing, Renal Services. Mandeville
Dr. C. Collie
– Chairman, Board, Pre-University School
– Chairman, Board, Ayrton Distributors Limited
– Board Member, University Council of Jamaica
– Board Member, Caymanas Track Limited
Dr. A. East-Innis
– Vice President, Caribbean Dermatology Association
Professor M. Lee
– Chair, Medical Committee, Food for the Poor 
– Member, Medical Review Panel. Ministry of Health , Jamaica
– Member, Board of Executive, Food for the Poor 
Dr. K. Maloney
– Member, Fundraising for the Lupus Foundation, Public
Education and Promotion of Lupus Awareness
192
Dr. D.O. Whittle
– Volunteer, Gastroenterology Clinic, Princess Margaret
Hospital, Morant Bay, St. Thomas.
– Mentoring, Morant Bay High School, St. Thomas
– Medical Resource Personnel, Health Fair, Morant Bay
– Medical Resource Personnel, Health Fair, St. Patrick’s
Foundation, Seaview Gardens
Dr. R. Wright-Pascoe
– Medical Resource Personnel, Diabetes Association of Jamaica
– Member, Diabetes Advisory Board
– Member, Council of the  University of Technology
– Member, Board of Management, Medical Association of
Jamaica Insurance Fund
– Chairman, Board of Central Medical Laboratory
– Member, Organizing Committee, Association of Consultant
Physicians(ACPJ) 2010 Scientific Symposium.
Dr. A.K. Soyibo
– Volunteer, Outreach Programme to St. Elizabeth, Manchester,
St. Mary: Health Education Preventive Care, Clinical Care
193
DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS, GYNAECOLOGY
AND CHILD HEALTH
Professor Horace Fletcher BSC, MBBS, DM (O&G), FRCOG,
FACOG – Head of Department
WORK OF THE DEPARTMENT
The main focus of the departmentis to improve the health and
welfare of families, in particular
women and children in the region. This 
is done through clinical (service) work
and academic (teaching and research).
The department comprises Obstetric
and Gynaecological services (repro-
ductive endocrinology, gynaecological
oncology and perinatal services) as well 
as Child Health dealing with medical
problems, neonatology and psycholo-
gical disorders (development and
behavioural Paediatrics).
We teach medical students, postgraduate students (Doctor of Medicine
Obstetrics/Gynaecology and Paediatrics) as well as supervise other post
Graduate students MPhil and PhD. We also assist in the teaching of
Midwives and nurses.
Child Health 
This Department is comprised of two medical wards and one Special Care
Unit which comprises of a neonatal intensive care unit. The main
subspecialties are infectious diseases, development and behavioural
paediatrics, cardiology, gastroenterology, neonatology, nephrology,
neurology, endocrinology, pulmonology and other medical conditions
managed in conjunction with other specialties. Residents and medical
students are taught and referrals are accepted from the rest of the island
and the Caribbean.  The section of Child Health successfully staged the 4th
194
Biennial Section of Child health Conference, Paediatric Cardiology- the
Jamaican Perspective: Challenges, Advances and Updates April 18th 2010.
This conference saw excellent presentations by a multidisciplinary faculty
of esteemed experts from Jamaica and the United States. There were
approximately 150 registrants including paediatricians, general
practitioners, nurses physiotherapists, medical and nursing students.
Minority International Research Training (MIRT)
Programme
National Institutes of Health
The MIRT programme, jointly coordinated by Michigan State University
(MSU) and the Section of Child Health, and funded by the NIH is now in
its eighth year.  
Obstetric Perinatal Service 
The Perinatal service hosts an annual conference in February of each year
run by Drs. Mullings, Kulkarni, Johnson and Simms-Stewart. This service
manages high risk obstetric cases and accepts referrals from the rest of the
island as well as the rest of the British West Indies. The Unit also has
facilities for teaching post graduate and medical students.  Perinatal Audit
for 2008, UWI, Mona,  2005 was attended by over 600 delegates. This was
a joint effort between Obstetrics and Gynaecology and the Neonatology
group from Child Health with external review by practitioners from
outside units.  Special emphasis was placed on topics such Counselling,
Premature Birth and Neonatal Neurological Outcome.
Oncology Unit
This is run by four Consultants Prof Fletcher, Dr Rattray, Dr Mitchell and
Dr Bambury. The Unit is also run by Sister Nash and her team of nurses as
well as residents who rotate through on a monthly basis. The services
offered are consultations for patients with gynaecological tumours,
colposcopic diagnosis and treatment, and surgery for gynaecological
tumours. The Unit also has facilities for teaching post graduate and
medical students. 
195
Sterility & Fertility
The members of the Sterility & Fertility firm and Fertility Management
Unit resumed the In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer Programme
for the treatment of infertile patients from Jamaica and the wider
Caribbean. The programme was restructured to streamline and
accommodate the treatment of infertile couples on a continuous basis.
Professor Joseph Frederick as director of the programme with Drs. Shaun
Wynter, Vernon DaCosta John Harriott and Loxley Christie as clinicians
and Dr. Audrey Pottinger and Sister McKenzie as counselors. Two other
staff members in the programme are Miss Denise Everett, a senior
embryologist (Biologist) and Miss Hillary Walters a staff Nurse as the
coordinator of the programme. Since the resumption, the pregnancy rates
have shown considerable improvement as we are also achieving
pregnancies from the frozen embryos and donor eggs.  A major break
through is that all the documents required for the registration of the drugs
used in the programme have been submitted to the Pharmaceuticals &
Regulatory Affairs in the Ministry of Health.
The unit also undertakes operative and diagnostic laparoscopy,
contraception and sterilisation advice and management. Counseling in
family planning and family life is also offered..
Income Generation: External Research Funding and Grant
Support 
Christie CDC (Principal Investigator), Pierre RB. (Co-Principal
Investigator). “Protecting our future generations: Born free of HIV in the
Caribbean”. Caribbean Multi-Country Proposal, submitted by the UWI as
the Principal Recipient, collaborating with Pan American Health
Organization (PAHO) through it PAHO HIV/AIDS Caribbean Office
(PHCO) and Caribbean Medical Laboratories Foundation (CMLF) as
sub-recipients, To the Global Fund for HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and
Malaria. Round 10. Grant amount to UWI: US$29,084,106.00 
Pierre RP and Christie CDC. (Co-Principal investigators). National
Institutes of Health/Fogarty Research Fellowship (Dr Samantha Walker),
between Vanderbilt University Global Health Program and the UWI to
196
study “Neuro-cognitive Function in HIV-Positive Children in a
Developing Country”, from July 1, 2010 to June 30, 2011. Total grant
amount to the UWI, US$66,156.00.
Christie CDC. (Principal Investigator) Jamaica Pediatric, Perinatal and
Adolesscent HIV/AIDS Programme- University of the West Indies,
From the Jamaican Ministry of Health and the Global Fund to fight AIDS, 
TB and malaria, July 2009 to July 2011 (2 years). Total grant amount to
UWI $58,352,335.00 Jam (About US$700,000). 
Feeney M. (Principal Investigator), Christie CDC, (Co-investigator),
Elizabeth Glaser Scientists Award, January 1, 2006 to December 30, 2011;
“The Immune Response to Acute Perinatal HIV Infection”.  Total grant
amount > US$650,000, total amount to UWI US$112,000.
Feeney M. (Principal Investigator), Christie CDC, Co-investigator. “The
impact of CD8 T cells on viral control and evolution in HIV-infected
infants. National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant # 1R01AI068497 –
01A2, total amount to UWI, US$189,000, (US$27,000 per annum for 7
years).
Dr. R. Melbourne Chambers, Research Grant from LeBonheur
Children’s Hospital Memphis Tennessee; Title; Validation of a new
Questionnaire for detection of epileptic seizures in children : Funds
US$9,182.75
Primary Investigator:  AM Pottinger - Impact of infertility and in vitro
fertilization treatment on child development and quality of parenting.
Professor M. Samms-Vaughan, 2009-2011Epidemiological Research
on Autism in Jamaica.  Collaborative Project with the University of Texas
at Houston.  Funded by National Institutes of Health,  National Institutes
of Child Health and Development and Fogarty International Centre.
US$108,00.00
Principal Investigator: M. Thame; Co Investigators: Professor F. Jahoor
and Professor Alan Jackson. Source: International Atomic Energy Agency 
(IAEA), Vienna; Title: Relationship between maternal nutritional status
and pregnancy outcome. Protocol 3. Funds: £10,000.00
197
Prinicpal Investigator: M. Thame Co Investigators: Professor F. Jahoor
and Professor Alan Jackson. Source: Caribbean Health Research Council.
Title:  Relationship between maternal nutritional status and pregnancy
outcome. Protocol 3; Funds: US$8,680.00
PAPERS PRESENTED 
• Butler B, Scott C, Richards – Dawson MA, Trotman H.
Congenital heart disease in neonates: the Bustamante Hospital for 
Children experience. XXV Caribbean Cardiology Conference
July 2010.
• Butler B, Scott C, Richards – Dawson MA, Trotman H.
Congenital heart disease in neonates: the Bustamante Hospital for 
Children experience. FMS 18th Annual Research Conference
November 2009 (poster).
• Fletcher H  2009.  Knowledge Attitudes of Doctors toward
abortion in Jamaica. FMS Conference  UWI
• Fletcher H 2010. Fibroids in Pregnancy. Mandeville Hospital
annual Obstetrics and Gynaecology conference.
• Fletcher H 2010. The Ethics of Abortion what do Jamaican
Doctors know.  Presentation to Doctors in Clarendon at Juicy
beef centre
• Fletcher H 2010. Update on the management of cervical cancer.
Caribbean Association of Clinical Haematologist and
Oncologists Holiday Inn Montego Bay
• Fletcher H  2010. Fibroids in Pregnancy. Clinico Pathological
Conference UWI
• Fletcher H 2010. An update on the management of
Gynaecological Malignancies. Grabham Society Conference
Jamaica Pegasus Hotel
• Pottinger A. “Rebuilding lives after divorce”.  Jamaica
Psychiatric Annual Workshop, The Jamaica Pegasus Hotel,
Kingston, Jamaica, August 16th 2009
198
• Hyde CD, Grossell-Williams M, Hunter T, Simms-Stewart D,
McGrowder D, Fletcher H,  Choo-Kang E. Pump kin Seed Oil
Supplementation im proves HDL and LDL cho les terol in
Post-Meno pausal Women: A Ran dom Doub le-Blind Pi lot Study.
The FASEB  Journal 588.6
• Thame M, The effect of growth and body composition on the
onset of puberty: longitudinal observations in Afro-Caribbean
children.  6th World Congress, Developmental Origins of Health
and Disease. November 2009, Santiago, Chile 
• Thame M, Children having children: pregnancy outcomes.
Workshop on Child Health: From the Womb to Adolescence.
November 2009 Jamaica 
• A Harrison, G Gordon-Strachan, R Pierre, S Campbell-
Forrester, K Leslie. Adolescent Health Screening by physicians in
Jamaica.  International Association of Adolescent Health (IAAH) 
World Congress Conference, 28-30 October 2009. Kuala
Lumpur Malaysia.
• Regis Kreitchmann, R Cohen, J Pinto, T Abreu, E Szyld, M
Losso, R Succi, J Alarcon, R Pierre, and J Read. Mode of
Delivery and Neonatal Respiratory Morbidity Among
HIV-Exposed Infants from Latin America and the Caribbean:
The NISDI Perinatal Study. (Poster) 17th Conference on
Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections,  February 16-19,
2010, Moscone Center West, in San Francisco, CA [Abstract
929].
• Pierre RB, Olugbuyi O, Scott C, Morais P, Millard D. Kawasaki
Disease: the Jamaican Experience. Section of Child Health UWI
14th Biennial Child Health Conference. Sunday, April 18, 2010,
Main Medical Lecture Theatre, FMS, Mona.
• Walker S, Pierre R, Chang-Lopez S, Christie C. Kingston
Paediatric and Perinatal HIV/AIDS Programme (KPAIDS)
Research Group. Neurocognitive function in HIV positive
children in a developing country. XVIII International AIDS
199
Conference (AIDS 2010), Vienna, Austria, July 19-22, 2009
[Abstract MOAB0401]. 
• Christie CDC. Pediatric and Perinatal HIV/AIDS in Jamaica.
Emerging Trends in Medicine. Class of 1979 UWI Medical Class
30th   Gene ral Pract it ion ers Ass oc ia t ion of Jam aica, Ritz
Carlton Hot el, Montego Bay, Ja maica. Sat., Aug ust 8,
2009.
• Christie CDC.  Making progress in treating children living with
HIV. 6th Annual CHART/CCAS/CDC Conference. Marriott
Hotel, St Kitts, August 2009.
• Christie CDC. Pediatric, Perinatal and Adolescent HIV/AIDS
in Jamaica. Regional Conferences in Mandeville (November
2009), Ocho Rios (December 2009), Montego Bay, (January
2010) and Kingston and St Andrew (February, 2010), Jamaica.
• Christie CDC. “Ja-Youth” (Jamaican Teens) and HIV: The New
Challenge. Montego Bay, (Jan 2010) and Kingston and St Andrew 
(Feb 2010),  Jamaica.
• Christie CD. Elimination of vertical transmission of
HIV/AIDS. June 29, 2010. Ocho Rios, Jamaica.
• Samms-Vaughan ME.  Gender Differences in Achievement at
the Early Childhood Level.World Bank, Commonwealth
Secretariat and UWI Conference on Boys and Education.  Mona
Visitors Lodge.  UWI. June , 2010.
• Samms-Vaughan ME.  Inter-Institutional Co-ordination in
Jamaica: The National Strategic Plan for Early Childhood
Development. Conference on Models of Early Childhood Service 
Delivery: Policy and Operational Lessons for the Andean Region.  
Inter-American Bank and Inter-American Institute for Economic 
and Social Development.  Quito, Ecuador.  July 2010.
• Samms-Vaughan ME.  The National Strategic Plan for Early
Childhood Development in Jamaica.  National Forum on Quality
Education 2010: Celebrating Colombia’s Bicentennial. Bogota,
Colombia.  July, 2010. 
200
PUBLICATIONS
* Trotman H, Garbutt A. Predictors of outcome of neonates
with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy admitted to the
neonatal unit of the University Hospital of the West Indies. J
Trop Pediatr. 2010, Jun 4. [Epub ahead of print]
* Tomlinson TW, Scott CH, Trotman HL. Congenital
cardiovascular lesions in children with trisomy 21 at the
Bustamante Hospital for children. Cardiol Young. 2010;
20:327-31. 
* Eulalia Kahwa, Novie Younger, Yvonne Wint, Norman
Waldron, Hermi Hewitt, Jennifer Knight–Madden, Kay Bailey, 
Nancy Edwards, Laurel Talabere, Karen Lewis–Bell. The
Jamaica Asthma and Allergies National Prevalence Survey:
Rationale and methods. BMC Med i cal Re search Meth od ol ogy 2010;
10:29
* Samuels LA, Rattray C, Bambury I, Fletcher H, Mitchell S.
Outcome  of radical hysterectomies performed by general  
gynecologists in Jamaica. Int Jour Obstet Gynecol 2009 107:
111-113
* Fletcher H M, Gibson R, Williams N P, Wharfe G, Nicholson
and Soares D. A woman with diabetes presenting with
pyomyoma and treated with subtotal hysterectomy: a case
report.  J Med case rep 2009 3:7439
* Fletcher H, Wharfe G, Williams NP, Gordon-Strachan G,
Pedican M, Brooks. A Venous thromboembolism as a
complication of uterine fibroids: A  retrospective descriptive
study. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2009 Nov; 29(8):732-6
* Buchanan K Fletcher H Reid M. Prevention of striae
gravidarum with cocoa butter: a placebo controlled trial. In Jour
Gynaecol and Obstet, 2010  Jan;108(1):65-8.
* Allen-Davis W, Fletcher H, Davis C, Frankson M. Commonly
used botanicals and vitamins and their impact on blood pressure 
201
and blood loss in surgical gynaecology patients. J Obstet Gynaecol.
2010 Apr; 30(3) :272-6
* Thame M, Fletcher H, Baker T, Jahoor F  A comparison of
glucose kinetics in adolescent girls and adult women during
pregnancy.  American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2010, 91;1
* Thame M, Fletcher H. Baker T, Jahoor F. Comparing the in
vivo glycine fluxes of  adolescent girls and adult women during
early and late pregnancy. Br J Nutr., 2010 Mar 25:1-5. [Epub
ahead of print]
* Melbourne-Chambers R, Johnson P, Thame M.  Fetal brain
disruption sequence in surviving co-twins. Pediatr Neurol 2009;
7: (3): 311-314 
* Rose G, Evans Gilbert T, Thame M, Bailey K. Asthma Clinic
Attendance Improves Quality Of Life in Jamaican Children
with Asthma.  Annals of Tropical Paediatrics 009; 29:203-208 
* Simms-Stewart D, Thame M, Hemans-Keen A, Hambleton I,
Serjeant GR.  Retained Placenta- A complication of pregnancy
in homozygous sickle cell disease. Obstet Gynecol. 2009; 114(4):
825-828.
* Boyne MS, Thame M, Osmond C, Fraser RA, Gabay L, Reid M,
Forrester TE. Growth, body composition, and the onset of
puberty: longitudinal observations in Afro-Caribbean children.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Jul;95(7):3194-200. Epub 2010 Apr
28.
* Trotman H,  McGregor D,  Thomas S,  Olugbuyi O,  Barton M   
Pneumococcal meningitis in Jamaican children. West Indian Med
J 2009;58:585-88.
* Garbutt A, Trotman H. Outcome of neonates with hypoxic
ischaemic encephalopathy admitted to the neonatal unit of the
University Hospital of the West Indies. Ann Trop Paediatr 2009;
29: 263-269.
202
* Ferguson, TS, Tulloch-Reid MK, Younger NO, Knight-
Madden JM, Samms-Vaughan  M. Ashley D, Van den Broeck
J, Wilks RJ. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and  its
components in relation to socioeconomic status among
Jamaican young adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public
Health. 2010 Jun 3; 10:307. 
* McCaw-Binns A, Ashley D, Samms-Vaughan M.  Impact of
the Jamaican birth cohort study on maternal, child and
adolescent health policy and practice. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol,
2010 Jan; 24(1):3-11.
* Tang Y, Huang S, Dunkley-Thompson J, Steel-Duncan JC,
Ryland EG, St John MA, Hazraa R, Christie CD, Feeney ME.
Correlates of spontaneous viral control among long-term
survivors of perinatal HIV-1 infection expressing human
leukocyte antigen-B57. AIDS, 2010  Jun 19; 24(10):1425-35. 
* Mussi-Pinhata MM, Motta F, Freimanis-Hance L, de Souza R,
Szyld E, Succi RC, Christie CD, Rolon MJ, Ceriotta M, Read
JS; for the NISDI Perinatal Study Group. Lower respiratory
tract infections among human immunodeficiency virus-
exposed,  uninfected infants. Int J Infect Dis. 2010 May 7.
* Wynter SH, DaCosta VE, Harriott JA, Christie LR,
Frederick J, Everett-Keene DM, Foster RA, Walters YH.
In-vitro fertilization: donor egg sharing for premature ovarian
failure. WIMJ, 2009 Dec;58(6):593-5
* DaCosta V, Christie L, Wynter S, Harriott J, Frederick J.
Uterus bicornis bicollis, imperforate hemivagina and ipsilateral
renal agenesis: case report and literature review. WIMJ. 2009
Sep;58(4):379-82. 
* Pottinger AM, Trotman-Edwards H, Younger N. Detecting
depression during pregnancy and associated lifestyle practices
and concerns among women in a hospital-based obstetric clinic
in Jamaica. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2009 May-Jun; 31(3): 254-61. 
203
* Fletcher H. Re: Han JY, Choi JS, Chun JM, Park HD, Lee SY,
Kim CH et al. 2009.  Pregnancy outcome of women transfused
during pregnancy with blood products inadvertently obtained
from donors treated with acitretin. Journal of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, 29:694-697. 2010 Apr; 30 (3):333 
* Pottinger AM and Gordon Stair A(2009).  Bullying of students
by teachers and peers and its effect on the psychological
well-being of students in Jamaican schools. Journal of School
Violence, 2009: 8 (4), 312-327.
* Pottinger AM (2009). Implementation of a training
programme on grief management for teachers in inner-city
primary level schools in Jamaica.  Journal of the Children’s Issues
Coalition, 2009: 4, 80-92.
* Pottinger AM (2009).  Psychological outcomes associated with
exposure to violence co-occurring in multiple settings for
Jamaican children:  home, school and community.  Journal of the
Children’s Issues Coalition, 2009: 4, 93-111.
* Pierre RB, Branday JM, Pottinger A, Wierenga A (2010). 
Students’ perception of  the‘educational climate’ at the Faculty
of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Jamaica,  
WIMJ, 59 (1) 45-49.
* Jaggon J, Bishop K, Pedican M, Halliday W, Melbourne-
Chambers R, Tapper J. Atypical teratoid/ Rhabdoid
Tumour:An unusal Variant of a rare entity. The Internet Journal of
Oncology 2009 6:
* Jaggon J, Bolt C, Melbourne-Chambers R, MooSang M.
Acute Haemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis in a patient with Sickle
Cell disease. The Internet Journal of Pathology 2009 8:
* Joao EC, Calvet GA, Krauss MR, Freimanis Hance L, Ortiz J,
Ivalo SA, Pierre R, Reyes M, Heather Watts D, Read JS; NISDI 
Perinatal Study Group. Maternal antiretroviral use during
pregnancy and infant congenital anomalies: the NISDI perinatal 
study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010 Feb 1; 53(2):176-85.  
204
* Heslop OD, Smikle MF, Vickers IE, Christian NA, Harvey
KM, Figueroa JP, Brown SE, Christie CD, Bain B, Barton EN.
High genetic diversity of HIV-1 in Jamaica. WIMJ.
2009;58(3):195-200.
* Schneidewind A, Tang Y, Brockman MA, Ryland EG,
Dunkley-Thompson J, Steel-Duncan JC, St. John ME,
Conrad JA, Kalams SA, Noel F, Allen TM, Christie CDC and
Feeney ME.  “Maternal transmission of HIV escape mutations
subverts HLA-B57 immuno-dominance but facilitates viral
control in the haplo-identical infant." Journal of Virology, 2009
Sep; 83(17): 8616-27. [IF – 5.34]
* Gray, P & Samms-Vaughan M. Investigating potential
hormonal associations of grandmaternal care in Jamaica. Internet
Journal of Biological Anthropology. 2010  Volume 4; 1
Technical Report
* Report on Administration of October / November 2009
Caribbean Association of Medical Councils Registration
Examination. RB Pierre, A McDonald (Editors). UWI
* Report on Administration of April / May 2010 Caribbean
Association of Medical Councils Registration Examination. RB
Pierre, A McDonald (Editors). Office of the Dean, Faulty of
Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Jamaica,
May 2010. Report submitted to the Board of the Caribbean
Association of Medical Councils.
Non Refereed Journal
* Fletcher H. Environmental hazards in pregnancy and risks to
the baby, Carib Xplorer, 2010, 2:27-8
Book Chapter
* Pottinger AM (2010). Audience perception of coverage of
violence in prime time news and the print media.  In M de Bruin
205
and C Robinson (Eds) Media and Violence in Jamaica (pp
58-63).  Kingston: Arawak Publications
Abstracts
* Fletcher H,   Gordon Strachan G, McFarlane S, Hamilton P
and Frederick J. Abortion  survey of medical practitioners
views. WIMJ, (Supp 4)2009 58:21
* Fletcher H.  Non Obstetric Lower Genital Injuries. WIMJ,
(Supp  2)2010 P 17 59:45
* Hustedt J, Chris tie CD, Hustedt MM, Esposito D. and
Vasquez M. Sero-ep i de mi ol ogy of Hu man Bocavirus
In fec tion in young chil dren in Kingston, Ja maica. In fec tious
Dis eases So ci ety of Amer ica 48th An nual Con fer ence,
Van cou ver, Brit ish Co lum bia, Can ada, Oc to ber 2010, Poster
pre sen ta tion, Ab stract # 2464.
* Rahbar MH, Loveland KA, Samms-Vaughan ME,
Boerwinkle E, J.Bressler J,  del Junco D, Pearson DA2,  Assassi
P, Pellington S, Grove ML, Bloom K, Beecher C, Brook K and
Ardjomand-Hessab M. Gene-Environment Related Epidemio-
logical Research on Autism in Jamaica. Conference
Proceedings.  9th Annual International Meeting For Autism
Research, May 2010. Philadelphia, USA.
* P. Murray, M A. Frankson, M. Thame. Pregnancy performance 
of HIV positive compared to HIV negative women WIMJ,
2009; 58(Suppl.2):17.
* D. Shirley-Singh, L. Gabay, NO Younger, M. Thame. Obesity
in three to five year old children in Jamaica: Prevalence and
contributing factors. WIMJ, 2009; 58(Suppl.2):20. 
* T. Laughton, G. Gordon-Strachan, M. Thame.  Breastfeeding
challenges in preterm infants compared to full term infants at
the University Hospital of the West Indies. WIMJ, 2010;
59(Suppl.2):16. 
206
PUBLIC SERVICE
Chambers, MR 
– Past president, Paediatric association of Jamaica
– Member, Medical Association of Jamaica
– Secretary, Jamaican League against Epilepsy
– Chairperson, Serious case review panel- Child Development
Agency
– Member, Panel to review of Licences for Residential Child Care                                                              
facilities (RCCF) Child Development Agency
Christ ie CD
– Elected Member, Governing Council of the International AIDS 
Society, representing Latin America and the Caribbean
– Co-Chair, Pharmaceutical Industry Liaison Forum, Inter-
national AIDS Society
– Fellow, Infectious Diseases Society of America
– Member, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society of America
– Founding Member, HIV Medicine Association of America
– Member, International Association of Physicians in HIV/AIDS 
Care
– Member, International Society for Infectious Diseases
– Vice Chancellor’s Representative, UWI, to the Executive,
Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Training (CHART)
Fletcher H
– Reviewer, West Indian Medical Journal
– Reviewer, Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (UK)
– Reviewer, International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (USA)
Pierre R
– Reviewer, West Indian Medical Journal; Faculty of Medical
Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Jamaica
207
Pottinger, A
– Coordinator, Psychological services for In Vitro Fertilisation
programme, Fertility Management Unit
– Member, Case Management Committee, Counselling Unit,
University Health Centre
– Disaster Mental Health Responder, Jamaica Red Cross, West
Kingston civil unrest
Samms-Vaughan, M
– Chair, Early Childhood Commission,
– Director, National Council on Education
– Member, National Advisory Council on Disabilities
– Member, Advisory Committee on Early Childhood
Development in Latin America and the Caribbean,
Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
– Consultant to the IDB.  Regional Project on Indicators and
Statistics for Early Childhood Development
Thame M
– Reviewer, West Indian Medical Journal
– Reviewer, BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
– Reviewer, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
– Reviewer, Public Health Nutrition
– Reviewer, Paediatrics and Perinatal Epidemiology
– Reviewer, Archives of Diseases in Childhood
HONORS AND AWARDS 
Professor Celia Christie
¡ 2010 Co-Chair, Pharmaceutical Industry Liaison Forum,
Governing Council of the International AIDS Society,
representing Latin America and the Caribbean.
208
¡ 2009 Principal’s Research Award, for Most Outstanding
Research Activity, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of
the West Indies, “Pediatric and Perinatal HIV/AIDS in Jamaica”,
Special Compendium of 20 original research manuscripts in, West Indian
Medical Journal,  2008; 57(3); 187-320, to Professor Celia DC
Christie-Samuels and collaborators
¡ 2009 “David Karzon Lecturership”, Department of
Pediatrics, Grand Rounds, Vanderbilt University, Nashville,
Tennessee, USA
CATEGORIES OF STUDENTS:
Post doctoral stud ies in Pe di atr ic and Perinatal HIV/AIDS: 
Dr Kaye Lewis (Year two) and Dr Samantha Walker (Year one)
209
DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY
Carlos Escoffery, BSc, MBBS, DM UWI  – Head of Department
SUMMARY
The Department of Pathology isengaged in teaching, research and
service and is composed of various
subdepartments and units, the major ones 
being Anatomical Pathology, Chemical
Pathology and Haematology. Our
laboratories/service units are Histology,
Cytology, Autopsy, Clinical Chemistry,
Routine Haematology, Blood Bank and
Cytogenetics, and we also have Flow
Cytometry and Immuno-histochemistry
subunits.
There are 19 full-time members of academic staff and one half-time
lecturer (shared with the Department of Medicine) – Anatomical
Pathology: 5 Professors, 4 Senior Lecturers, 2 Lecturers; Chemical
Pathology: 1 Professor, 2 Senior Lecturers; Haematology: 1 Senior
Lecturer, 4 lecturers, 1 half-time lecturer.  In addition to teaching
undergraduate and postgraduate students in the MBBS and DM
programmes respectively, the academic staff also provides consultation
services to the University Hospital of the West Indies in the subspecialties
in laboratory pathology, as well as in clinical haematology and oncology. 
All are also actively engaged in research.
In addition to the academic staff, there are 40 full-time medical and
laboratory technologists and administrative, secretarial and clerical staff,
photographers, laboratory attendants, etc, giving a total staff complement
of 100.
210
Commercialization
We continued to generate some income by way of fee collection for
outpatient tests performed for the University Hospital of the West Indies. 
We have not yet managed to collect for inpatient tests.  There is therefore
still a significant deficit between our budget and earnings on the one hand
and our expenditure on the other.
Infrastructure/Refurbishing
The refurbishing of the Seminar Room has been completed but the
multimedia equipment and furniture have not yet been installed.  The
refurbishing of the Autopsy Room has been largely completed but full
usage awaits the final correction of minor problems.  The refurbishing of
the Teaching Laboratory (Pathology & Microbiology) is nearing
completion.  Plans for the proposed annex of offices as well as the
refurbishing of the stores and other areas of the Department await costing
and approval by the Projects Office. 
Staffing/Administrative Reform
We await the appointments of a Business Manager to deal with the
financial aspects of running the laboratories, a Quality Assurance
Manager to carry the accreditation process of the laboratories forward
and an Information Technology Manager to administer the numerous
IT requirements of the Department.  We also await the administrative
audit and reform process promised by the Human Relations Management
Division.
Laboratory Information System
The Laboratory Information System Committee has been meeting with
prospective suppliers to decide on a suitable system for acquisition.
Laboratories and Autopsy Service
Our laboratory and autopsy services continued to provide invaluable
support to the care of the in- and outpatients of the UHWI, as well as to
211
patients from other medical facilities and institutions, both national and
regional.
A total of 539,177 tests were performed by the Chemical Pathology
Laboratory and 82,408 by the Haematology Laboratory.  The Blood Bank
performed 40,217 tests and collected 3,972 units of blood from voluntary
donors.  The Cytology Laboratory processed 5453 pap smears and 736
non-gynaecological specimens. The Histopathology Laboratory
accessioned and processed 13,265 surgical cases which generated 43,177
tests representing 4,317,522 units of work.  A total of 218 autopsies were
performed.  
The Jamaica Cancer Registry
The Jamaica Cancer Registry continues its role as the major source of
cancer incidence data in the country, utilized as a research resource by the
Faculty and health administrators to develop policies for the delivery of
health care to the population.
This year the report on cancer incidence for the period 2002-2006 was
completed and submitted to the West Indian Medical Journal for
publication.  This constitutes the latest in the series of five-yearly reports
on cancer incidence produced by the registry and published regularly since
its inception in 1958.
The other major study for this year was a thirty-year review of trends in
prostate cancer in Jamaican men with comparisons with data from other
Caribbean islands and with the black populations in both the USA and
Great Britain.  This also has been submitted to the West Indian Medical
Journal for publication.
Work continues with the data collection for the years 2006-2010 with a
view to publishing the complete report when all the data has been
collected and analysed.
The Registry was represented by Miss Nadeen Waugh, Research Nurse, at
the PAHO-IARC meeting on “Improving Information on Cancer in the
Region” in Brasilia, Brazil, October 13-14, 2009.
212
TEACHING
The Department continued to be very heavily involved in the teaching of
all aspects and sub-specialties of Pathology in both Stages I and II of the
MBBS programme. Dr Elaine Williams continued as our Departmental
Academic Administrator of Undergraduate Affairs, overseeing and
coordinating all aspects of medical student education in the Department,
including Clerkship coordination, as well as representing us on the Stage I
& Stage II Committees, Assessment & Examination Committee and the
Curriculum Committee. 
The lack of a Museum is a major hindrance to our teaching effort.  We
need help and funding to enable us to relocate the Museum to rooms in
the Rippel Building that were previously occupied by the Department of
Surgery, Radiology, Anaesthetics and Intensive Care, and to try to
establish a modern facility with multimedia and interactive functions. 
Despite all the odds, however, our lecturers performed their assigned tasks 
admirably and were consistently rewarded with high assessment scores by
the students, averaging over 4.0 for the Department as a whole.
The DM Programme in Anatomical Pathology registered five new
entrants on July 1, 2010, an enviable and unprecedented occurrence for
the Department.  Two candidates, Drs Mahiri Bromfield and Mandi
Pedican, successfully completed the DM Part II examination in
November 2009, and graduated as Anatomical Pathologists. Dr Nadia
Williams continued as the Director of the Residency Programme in
Anatomical Pathology (DM Pathology Graduate Programme) and
Departmental Representative on the FMS Committee for Graduate
Studies.
Several members of staff were involved in the supervision of MPhil and
PhD candidates registered in the Department of Basic Medical Sciences. 
In addition, Dr Tracey Gibson taught courses in Genetics to postgraduate
students in the DM Surgery and DM Psychiatry Programmes, and Dr
Sheray Chin supervises postgraduate students enrolled in the DM Internal
Medicine Programme. Dr Chin was also instrumental in the establishment
of Multidisciplinary Tumour Boards, the monthly meetings of which
213
provide a forum for teaching and management of, and research into a
variety of cancer cases. 
PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENT
DM programme (Haematology/Oncology)
The proposal for the DM (Haematology/Oncology) programme has been
submitted to Graduate studies for approval. This would replace the
existing DM (Haematology) programme and allow the incorporation of
training in Oncology as a core component of the specialty of
Haematology/Oncology.
STAFF & RESEARCH
Research Grants/Funding Received
Dr Tracey Gibson has spearheaded the new Cytogenetics Laboratory in
the Department (sited in the former Labs 7 & 7A of the Rippel Building).
This laboratory will provide much needed diagnostic and research
opportunities in the area of Cytogenetics.
The initial funding of J$11 million provided by the CHASE Fund last
academic year, was supplemented in November 2009 by an additional
grant of approximately J$6.7 million.  The infrastructural work has almost 
been completed and equipment has been bought and will be installed
soon.  
Dr Sheray Chin received two grants for the following projects:
– “Locally Advanced Breast Cancer in Jamaica: disease
characteristics and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy”,
funded by the Research Fellowship Committee, Office of the
Principal, UWI. The value of the grant is J$1.5M and the project 
duration is September 1, 2010 - August 31, 2013.
– “Locally Advanced Breast Cancer in Jamaica: disease
characteristics and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy”,
funded by the Scientific and Management Committee of the
Caribbean Health Research Council. The value of the grant is
214
US$5,000 and the project duration is September 1, 2010 -
August 31, 2015.
Dr Jacqueline Jaggon is co-Principal Investigator (with Dr. Peter
Johnson (Radiology)  Dr Carl Bruce (Neurosurgery) on the project
“Development of an Intra-cranial Tumor Registry at the University
Hospital of the West Indies” for which they received a grant of J$1.2M.
 
PAPERS PRESENTED 
Dr K Bishop
• “Childhood Cancer in Jamaica”. Hospital for Sick Kids,
Toronto-UHWI Oncology Initiative, April 22-23, 2010.
• (with Johnson N, Trotman H, Reid M.). “Congenital
Abnormalities at a Tertiary Centre in Jamaica – An 18 month
Maternal – Fetal Medicine Experience”, International Society for
Prenatal Diagnosis 15th International Conference 2010;
Amsterdam, Neth er lands, Eu rope: July 11-14, 2010.
Dr J Jaggon 
• “Hemangioblastomas at the University Hospital of the West
Indies.” 6th Caribbean Neuroscience Symposium Montego Bay,
Jamaica, January 2010.
Dr S Chin
• “The predictive value of urinary VMA testing in the diagnosis of
phaeochromocytoma at the University Hospital of the West
Indies.” 55th Annual Caribbean Health Research Council
(CHRC) Scientific Conference, Hyatt Regency Trinidad Hotel,
Trinidad, April 2010.
• “Guidelines in the supportive management of patients receiving
chemotherapy.” Caribbean College of Family Physicians,
Medallion Hall Hotel, Kingston, Jamaica, July 25, 2010
215
Dr D Lowe
• “Metastases of Unknown Primary - Is treatment worth it without
finding the needle?”. Annual Symposium of the Jamaican
Association of Clinical Pathologists (JACP). Kingston, Jamaica,
November 2009 
• “Standard Therapy in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma”, Annual
Palliative Care Symposium, Hope Institute, Kingston, Jamaica,
April 23, 2010.
Dr D McGrowder
• (with Hutton-Rose N, Blythe C, Ogbano C).  “The prevalence of
other sexually transmitted infections in confirmed HIV cases at a
referral clinic in Jamaica.”  Caribbean Health Research Council.
Proceedings of the 55th Annual Council and Scientific Meetings,
Hyatt Regency Trinidad Hotel, Trinidad and Tobago. April
21–24, 2010.
• (with Chin SN, Boyne MS, McGrowder D., Gibson TN,
McKenzie CA). “The positive value of urinary VMA testing in the 
diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma at the University Hospital of
the West Indies.” Caribbean Health Research Council. 55th
Annual Council and Scientific Meetings, April 21–24, 2010, Hyatt 
Regency Trinidad Hotel, Trinidad and Tobago. 
• (with Hyde C, Gossell-Williams M., Hunter T, Simms-Stewart D,
McGrowder D, Fletcher H, Choo-Kang E). “Pumpkin seed oil
supplementation improves HDL and LDL cholesterol in
post-menopausal women: A random double-blind pilot study”. 
Experimental Biology 2010, Anaheim California, USA. April
24-28, 2010.
• (with Gordon L, Morrison E, Garwood D, Y. Terry Pena Fraser).
“Effect of exercise therapy on lipid profile and oxidative stress in
patients with type 2 diabetes. IDF 20th World Diabetes Congress,
Montreal, Quebec, Canada, October 18-22, 2009. 
216
Prof D Shah
• (with Miller M and Gooding M). “Renal biopsies in Jamaican
children” 2nd International Conference on Nephrology and
Hypertension” Montego Bay, Jamaica, January 2010
• (with Gooding M and Miller M). “Histology in Jamaican children
with nephritic syndrome” 2nd International Conference on
Nephrology and Hypertension, Montego Bay, Jamaica, January
2010
• (with Soyibo AK, Barton EN, Williams W and Smith R). “Renal
biopsies in Jamaican adults” 2nd International Conference on
Nephrology and Hypertension, Montego Bay, Jamaica, January
2010
Dr G Wharfe
• “Road to classifying AML – Can we afford the tolls”  Annual
Symposium of the Jamaican Association of Clinical Pathologists
(JACP).  Kingston, Jamaica, November 2009
Dr N Williams
• (with Graham RPD, Plummer JM, West KA). “Lymph Node
Resection for Colorectal Cancer: Ensuring Standards, Improving
Quality. Association of Surgeons in Jamaica”  51st Annual Clinical 
Conference, Kingston Jamaica, May 16-17, 2009 
• “Adenoma – Carcinoma Sequence” Jamaica Cancer Society
Colon Cancer Symposium, Kingston Jamaica, March 14, 2010.
Paper presented at the 18th Annual Research Conference: Faculty of
Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, UWI,
November 2009.
Dr K Bishop
•  (with Dupuis C, Miller Nanton P, Clarke K, Bolt CS, Chin See
CK). “Perinatal Autopsy Rates at University Hospital of the West
Indies.”
217
• (with Brown C, McFarlane-Anderson N, Lindo L, Dasgupta T.).
“The effects of s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine and
s-nitrosoglutathione on blood pressure, urinary protein
concentration and pup weight in pregnant rats”. 
Professor K Coard
• (with Morrison B, Gordon-Strachan G, Miller R, Aiken W,
Mayhew R). “Radical prostatectomy outcomes at the University
Hospital of the West Indies: 2000-2007”.
Dr D McGrowder
• (with Green CO, Wheatley AO, Dilworth LL, Dilworth LL,
Hanchard B, Gibson TN, Asemota HN).  “Histopathological
changes in organs of diet-induced hypercholestorolaemic rats fed
ortanique peel polymethoxylated flavones.” 
• (with Chin SN, Boyne MS, Gibson TN, McKenzie CA).  “The
positive value of urinary VMA testing in the diagnosis of
phaeochromocytoma at the University Hospital of the West
Indies”. 
Dr T Gibson
• “Soft tissue sarcomas: Beyond Morphology.” Annual Symposium 
of the Jamaican Association of Clinical Pathologists (JACP).
Kingston, Jamaica, November 2009.
Paper presented at 4th Annual Conference of the Caribbean
Association of Oncologists and Haematologists, Montego Bay,
Jamaica, April 2010.
Dr S Chin
• “Management of Triple Negative Breast Cancer.” 
Dr T Gibson
• “Setting up Cancer Registries.” 
218
• “Cancer incidence in Jamaica”.
Dr D Lowe
• “Predicting Clinical Outcome in Chronic Lymphocytic
Leukaemia - How and Why?”
Dr S Shirley
• “Can we do without histopathology?  The evolving role of gene
expression profiling in node negative breast cancer.”
PUBLICATIONS
Refereed (Peer-Reviewed) Journal Articles
* West WM, Younger N, Brady-West D, Gilbert DT, Char G,
Barton EN. “Stroke Subtypes on Imaging in a Jamaican
Population: A Hospital Based Study.” WIMJ, 2009;
58(3):261-264
* Ali A, Char G, Hanchard B. “Chronic Inflammatory
demyelinating  polyneuropathy in a patient infected with human 
T lymphocytic virus type 1.” BMJ Case Reports 2009, 1680
* Char G, West K, Jaggon J. “Intracranial Abscesses:
Epidemiological trend over a 39-year period at the University of 
the West Indies.”  The Internet Journal of Third World Medicine. 2009 
Volume 8 Number 2
* Leake P-A, Coard KC, Plummer JM. “Extramedullary
plasmacytoma of the pancreas as an uncommon cause of
obstructive jaundice: A case report.” Journal of Medical Case Reports
2009, 3:8785
* Graham RP, Coard KCM. “Angiomyolipoma of kidney: The
experience at the University Hospital of the West Indies”.  WIMJ.
2009; 58: 555-559.
219
* Jaggon J, Bishop K, Pedican M, Halliday W,
Melbourne-Chambers R, Tapper J. “Atypical Teratoid/
Rhabdoid Tumor: An unusual variant of a rare entity.”  Internet
Journal of Oncology. 2009; Volume 6 Number 2.  www.ispub.com
* Jaggon J, Bolt C, Melbourne-Chambers R, MooSang M. 
“Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis in a patient with sickle
cell disease: a case report.”  Internet Journal of Pathology, 2009,
Vol.8 No. 2.  www.ispub.com
* Jaggon J, Char G. “Hemangioblastomas at the University
Hospital of the West Indies: a retrospective survey and review
of the literature.”  The Internet Journal of Third World Medicine.
2009, 8:1
* Crawford T, McGrowder D, Crawford A. “Access to
contraception by minors in Jamaica: a public health concern.” 
North American Journal of Medical Sciences 2009; 5: 247-255. 
* Buchner L, Alfred R, Soyibo A, Brady-West D, Hardie R,
McGrowder D. “Late onset Fanconi Anaemia in an
Afro-Caribbean patient.” Journal of National Medical Association
2010; 102: 132-134.  
* Chin SN, Wang L, Moore MM, Sridhar SS. “A review of the
patterns of docetaxel use for hormone-resistant prostate cancer
at the Princess Margaret Hospital.”  Current Oncology, 2010; 17:
24-9
* Gordon L, Morrison E.Y. St. A, Ragoobirsingh D, Martorell E,
Choo-Kang E, McGrowder D. “Lipid profile in obese,
hypertensive and Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Jamaican
population.” Journal of Laboratory Physicians 2010; 2: 25-30. 
* Jackson MD, Walker SP, Simpson CM,   McFarlane-Anderson N, 
Bennett FI,  Coard KCM, Aiken WD,  Tulloch T,  Paul TJ, Wan
RL. “Body size and prostate cancer in Jamaican men.”  Cancer
Causes Control. 2010; 21: 909-917.  
220
* McGrowder D.  “The use of soluble transferring receptor in
drug testing and as a marker of iron status in athletes.”
Biochemistry Insights 2010; 3:7-18.
* SE Shirley, PA Sinclair, MA Stennett, G Codrington, R Bhatt,
CT Escoffery.  “The Pathology of Breast Cancer in Jamaica:
The National Public Health Laboratory Study.” WIMJ, 2010;
59: 177-81.
* Fletcher H, Gibson R, Williams N, Wharfe G, Nicholson A,
Soares D.  “A woman with diabetes presenting with pyomyoma
and treated with subtotal hysterectomy: a case report. Journal of
Medical Case Reports 2009; 3:7439.
* Brooks A, Fletcher HM, Gordon-Strachan G, Pelican M,
Wharfe G, Williams NP.  “Venous thromboembolism as a
complication of uterine fibroids: A retrospective description
study”.  Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology  2009; 29 (8) 732-736.
* Frankson M, Lee M, Nicholson A, Walwyn M, Wharfe G. 
“Febrile neutropenia in cancer patients”.  WIMJ, 2010:59(2)
209-14.
* Williams NP and Clare Lyn Shue A. “Rhabdomyomatous
Mesenchymal Hamartoma: Clinical overview and report of a
case with spontaneous regression.” WIMJ, 2009; 58:607-609.
* Fletcher HM, Wharfe G, Williams NP, Pedican M, Brooks A,
Scott P and Gordon-Strachan G. “Venous Thromboembolism
in Jamaican Women: Experience in a University Hospital in
Kingston.”  WIMJ, 2009;58:243-249.
* Ogunsalu C, Scipio E and Williams N. “Review of six cases of
maxillary ameloblastoma from the West Indies re-entry
cryosurgery as prophylactic surgical intervention.” WIMJ,
2009;58:398-403.
* Plummer JM, Williams N, Johnson P, Lee MG  “Left colon
and liver haemangiomas: report of a case” Canadian J Surgery
2009;52: E195-E196.
221
* Plummer JM, Bonadie KO, Williams N, Leake PA, Mitchell
DIG. “Duodenal fibrosarcoma mimicking Franz tumour
complicated by post-resection chylous ascites: A case report.”
WIMJ,  2010;59:84-7.
* Powell M, Wheatley AO, Omoruyi F, Asemoto HN, Williams
NP, and Tennant Paula. “Comparative effects of dietary
administered transgenic and conventional papaya on selected
intestinal parameters in rat models.” Transgenic Res, 
2010;19:511-518.
* Thame K, James T, Williams N, Smikle M and Lee M.
Helicobacter pylori infection in children undergoing upper
endoscopy in Jamaica. The Internet Journal of  Gastroenterology,
2010; 9:2.
Refereed  (Peer-Reviewed) Journal  Abstracts
* Bishop KL, Dupuis C, Miller-Nanton P, Clarke K, Bolt CS,
Chin See CK.  “Perinatal Autopsy Rates at University Hospital
of the West Indies.”  WIMJ 2009;58 (Suppl 4): 24.
* Brown C, McFarlane-Anderson N, Lindo L, Bishop K,
Dasgupta T. “The effects of s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine and 
s-nitrosoglutathione on blood pressure, urinary protein
concentration and pup weight in pregnant rats.”  WIMJ  2009;
58 (Suppl 4): 42.
* Green CO, Wheatley AO, Dilworth LL, McGrowder DA,
Hanchard B, Gibson TN, Asemota HN.  “Histopathological
changes in organs of diet-induced hypercholestorolaemic rats
fed ortanique peel polymethoxylated flavones.”  WIMJ, 2009;
58 (Suppl. 45): 37.
* Chin SN, Boyne MS, McGrowder D, Gibson TN, McKenzie
CA.  “The positive value of urinary VMA testing in the
diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma at the University Hospital of
the West Indies.”  WIMJ, 2009; 58 (Suppl. 45): 24.
222
* Morrison B, Coard K, Gordon-Strachan G, Miller R, Aiken W,
Mayhew R.  “Radical prostatectomy outcomes at the University
Hospital of the West Indies: 2000-2007.”  WIMJ, 58 (Suppl 4) 47: 
2009.
* Johnson N, Bishop K, Trotman H, Reid M. “Congenital
Abnormalities at a Tertiary Centre in Jamaica - An 18 month
Maternal-Fetal Medicine Experience” Prenatal Diagnosis. 2010;
Volume 30; Issue S1-S115).
* Hutton-Rose N, Blythe C, Ogbano C, McGrowder D.  “The
prevalence of other sexually transmitted infections in confirmed 
HIV cases at a referral clinic in Jamaica.”  WIM,J 2010; 59 (Suppl. 
2.): 26.
* Hyde C, Gossell-Williams M, Hunter T, Simms-Stewart D,
McGrowder D, Fletcher H,  Choo-Kang E.  “Pumpkin seed
oil supplementation improves HDL and LDL cholesterol in
post-menopausal women: A random double-blind pilot study.” 
The FASEB Journal 2010; 24: 588.6.
* Gordon L, Morrison E, McGrowder D, Garwood D, Terry
Pena Fraser Y. “Effect of exercise therapy on lipid profile and
oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes.”  Canadian
Journal of Diabetes 2010; D-0777:236. 
* Bekowitz JL, Janice E, Monic J, Wharfe G, Waldman T.  “Phase 
II trial Dacalizumab in HTLV I associated ATL.”  JCO 28:75
(2010).  Supplement Abstract 8043.
PUBLIC SERVICE
Dr K. Bishop
– Cytopathology Consultant, Jamaica Cancer Society
– President, Jamaican Association of Clinical Pathologists
Dr D. Brady-West
– Assistant Editor, West Indian Medical Journal
223
Professor G. Char
– Cytopathology Consultant, Jamaica Cancer Society
Dr Sheray Chin
– Reviewer, Gynecologic Oncology & West Indian Medical Journal
Professor K. Coard
– Council Member, Caribbean Cardiac Society. 
– Chairman, Research Grants Awards Committee of the
Caribbean Cardiac Society. 
– Mentor, UWI Mentorship Programme
Professor C. Escoffery
– Cytopathology Consultant, Jamaica Cancer Society
– Reviewer, West Indian Medical Journal
Dr. T. Gibson
– Cytopathology Consultant, Jamaica Cancer Society
Professor B. Hanchard
– Member of Executive Board, International Society of
Retrovirology
– Member, Board of Directors, Jamaica Cancer Society
– Cytopathology Consultant, Jamaica Cancer Society
Dr. J. Jaggon
– Cytopathology Consultant, Jamaica Cancer Society
– Secretary/Treasurer, Jamaican Association of Clinical
Pathologists
– Assistant secretary, Jamaica League Against Epilepsy
Dr. D. Lowe
– Executive Member, Leukemia CARE
– Voluntary clinician, National Blood Transfusion Service
Voluntary Blood Donor Drive
224
– Clinical Advocate, Jamaica Haemophilia Society
Dr. D. McGrowder
– Member, Lupus Foundation of Jamaica
– Member, Editorial Board, International Archives of Medical
Sciences
– Editor, Chemical Pathology, International Journal of Medicine and
Medical Sciences
– Board Member, Jamaica National Agency for Accreditation
Council (JANAAC)
Professor D. Shah
– Deputy Chairman, Council, Professions Supplementary to
Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jamaica
– Cytopathology Consultant, Jamaica Cancer Society
Dr. S. Shirley
– Cytopathology Consultant, Jamaica Cancer Society
– Reviewer, West Indian Medical Journal
– Member, Jamaica National Agency for Accreditation  Council
(JANAAC) Technical  Advisory Committee ISO 15189 for
Medical Laboratories.
Dr. J. Taylor-Houston
– Chairperson, Leukaemia CARE
Dr. E. Williams 
– Cytopathology Consultant, Jamaica Cancer Society
Dr. N. Williams
– Member, International Relations Committee of the American
College of Gastroenterology 
– Cytopathology Consultant, Jamaica Cancer Society
– Executive Member, UWI Medical Alumni Association 
– Mentor, UWI Mentorship Programme
225
HONOURS & AWARDS
Professor K Coard received the Anthony N Sabga (ANSA) Caribbean
Award for Excellence 2010, in Science and Technology.
Dr Sheray Chin received the Association of Consultant Physicians of
Jamaica Prize for Best Presentation, Faculty of Medical Sciences,
University of the West Indies, 18th Annual Research Conference, UWI,
Mona, November 2009.
226
DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY, RADIOLOGY,
ANAESTHESIA & INTENSIVE CARE
Professor Ivor Crandon CD, FRCS (Ed.) – Head of Department
WORK OF THE DEPARTMENT
The Department of Surgery, Radiology,Anaesthesia & Intensive Care is one of 
nine clinical departments within the Faculty
of Medical Sciences located at Mona in
Jamaica, and is engaged in the undergraduate 
and postgraduate training of doctors, nurses, 
physiotherapists, psychologists and
emergency medicine responders for Jamaica, 
the region and the world. The teaching staff
functions as consultants at the University
Hospital of the West Indies, a modern
hospital of 500 beds, where the available
patients facilitate the teaching of students. 
Currently, greater emphasis is being placed on continuous monitoring and
evaluation of both staff and students.  In that regard, the department has
worked hard to achieve its objectives of standardization of evaluation
instruments for clerkships across campuses. Standard setting for the final
examinations has now been accepted and is conducted across all the
Caribbean campuses. The written segment of the final MBBS examination 
has been converted from straight essays to a standard-set Multiple
Choice/Structured Answer Questions format in keeping with
international standards. Meanwhile, the teaching staff on a whole, whose
performance is continually assessed by students, has maintained average
teaching scores above 4 on a scale of 1-5, with some members at times
achieving a perfect score of 5.
In keeping with the strategic plan of the UWI, the department expanded
the learning experience by the utilization of off-campus sites for its
teaching. The Junior (Year III) surgery as well as Ophthalmology,
227
Anaesthesia, Orthopaedics, Radiology and Emergency Medicine (Year
IV), in addition to being taught at the University Hospital of the West
Indies, is now also taught at Cornwall Regional Hospital.  However, the
final year (Year V) teaching programme in surgery continues to be taught
at the University Hospital at Mona, the Kingston Public Hospital and
Cornwall Regional Hospital in Montego Bay.  
Plans are far advanced for some courses to be taught at Mandeville and
Spanish Town Hospitals.
In that regard, the Mandeville Regional Hospital was accredited for the
teaching of final year (Year V) Surgery and Orthopaedics (Year IV),
Post-Part 1 DM Orthopaedics, Ophthalmology and General Surgery. An
accreditation exercise was also carried out at the Spanish Town Hospital
for Accident & Emergency Medicine, Orthopaedics and General Surgery.   
The graduate programme will be extended to this facility soon.
The Department hosted a successful and well attended 8th Annual
Caribbean Neurosciences Symposium and Charity Golf Tournament
from January 28 – 30, 2010 at the Ritz Carlton, Rose Hall, Montego Bay,
with Workshop in the museum, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kingston.
The Section of Anaesthesia & Intensive Care had its second, successful
collaborative workshop/conference with Vanderbilt University School of
Medicine, USA, in March 2010 with 90 anaesthetists participating.  These
workshops aim to improve training and knowledge in anaesthesia
techniques.
In April the Department welcomed a Minimally Invasive Colorectal
Laparoscopic Team headed by Professor Matthew Albert, Clinical
Assistant Professor of Surgery and Program Director, Florida State
University, Tallahassee.   Both the lectures and the operating lists were well 
subscribed by surgeons from the Mona Campus, the Western Campus and 
community practice.
Dr. Carl Bruce was featured in the 2010 Edition of Research for
Development for significant research work he undertook on “Improved
Quality of Life after Brain Tumour Surgery” and “Head Injury
228
Management”.  Dr. Jeffrey East was also featured in the same edition for
significant research work he undertook on “Breast Cancer Surgery”.
The concept of providing modern surgical training became a reality when
construction of the CHASE Carnegie Skills Laboratory commenced in
June 2010. This laboratory will function as a simulator for basic and
advanced training in Surgery and all its disciplines, Anaesthesia and
Intensive Care and Emergency medicine.   
The intra-cranial tumour registry has commenced data collection
(demographic and clinical including outcomes, imaging, pathological) on
all intra-cranial tumours presenting to the UHWI since the
commencement of MR imaging in 2002 with the possibility to extend this
as a national registry.
The Department assumed responsibility for the Pre-Hospital Emergency
Training Programme (PHEM), taking over this programme from the
Department of Community Health and Psychiatry.  In the interim, Dr.
Simone French has been appointed its Programme Director.
The functioning of the Department’s website has been found to be
unsatisfactory so steps are being taken to have it redesigned.  Sports
Medicine and PHEM will now be included on the website.
Renovation of the administrative office area was completed in December
2009.  The Department met its goals of high quality teaching, expansion of 
the teaching programmes, office renovation and teaching/research lab
construction but just failed to achieve its research target of 1.66
publications per academic staff member.  There were five vacancies at the
end of the academic year. The projected two research grants were
obtained, but the website reconstruction has not been completed.
Honours and Awards
Dr. Carl Bruce received the 2009 Latin America Osteobiology Award
Dr. Alan Barnett won an award for excellence in 2009 for a poster
presentation from International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).
229
Fellowships
Dr. Peter Johnson: Awarded the Principal’s Fellowship in September
2009.
Dr. Hilary Brown: Two-year Vascular Surgical Fellowship at Yale
University, Connecticut, USA
Dr. Shamir Cawich: Six-month Clinical Fellowship in Hepato-
Pancreatico-Biliary (HBP), Southampton   University, UK. 
Dr. Sundeep Shah: One-year Abdominal Radiology Fellowship at the
University of Michigan, USA.
Dr. Nicole Hart: Trauma Fellowship at University of Toronto, Canada
Dr. Peter Johnson: Derek Harwood-Nash Neuroimaging Fellowship,
Emory University, USA
Dr. Williams-Johnson, Fullbright Fellowship,Wayne State University,
Michigan, USA
RESEARCH
The trauma registry which the Department maintains, now contains
14,367 records and continues to provide ample research material for injury 
related studies.
The Department’s  research output and presentations at local, regional and 
international conferences follows.
PAPERS PRESENTED 
• Bruce C: “Getting the most out of your University Experience &
Careers in Medicine”. University of the West Indies Orientation
Day 2009 &  the Faculty of Medical Sciences Orientation Day
August 2009
• Bruce C: “Biological Materials in Spine Surgery: What’s new and
how much will it cost?” XIV World Congress of the World
230
Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) hosted by the
American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS),
September 4, 2009; John B. Hynes Veterans Memorial
Convention Centre , Boston, Massachusetts USA
• Bruce C: “The role of image guidance surgery”. Seminar on
‘Technologies in Neurosurgery’; October 20, 2009, Trinidad and
Tobago
• Cawich SO: “Vascular access surgery for haemodialysis in Belize: 
Is a vascular access service feasible locally?” Belize Medical
Association Annual Clinical Congress, Belize CA, October 22-24, 
2009
• Barnett A: “Patient Car”e. Ethics Seminar: Medical Council of
Jamaica. The Main Lecture Theatre; University Hospital of the
West Indies  November 15, 2009.
• Campbell CP, Barnett A, Boyne MS, Soares-Wynter S, Osmond
C, Fraser RA, Forrester TE: “Predictors of Physical Activity and
Energy Expenditure in Afro-Caribbean Children”. Journal of
Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2009; 1  (Suppl 1): S330.
6th World Congress on Developmental Origins of Health and
Disease (DOHaD), Santiago, Chile. November 19-22, 2009.
• Dr. A. Barnett: “Patient Care...for Residents”.  The Jamaica
Medical Doctors Association Ethics Conference, Mona Visitors
Lodge, UWI Campus,  Sunday February 7, 2010
• Dr. J. Plummer: “Surgical Management of Colorectal Cancer”.
The Jamaica Cancer Society in association with Association of
Consultant Physicians and the Department of Medicine, UWI,
Knutsford Court Hotel, Kingston, Sunday March 14, 2010
• Rose REC: “Orthopaedics in the Caribbean”.  J. Robert Gladden 
Society, New Orleans, March 11, 2010
• Cawich S: “Clinical Management of Bowel Obstruction:
Therapeutic Updates”. Cayman Islands Health Service Authority
Clinical Conference Hibiscus Conference Centre. Georgetown
Hospital, Cayman Islands, WI. April 8, 2010.
231
• Dr. CD McGaw: “Acute Respiratory Failure and Mechanical
Ventilation”. Basic Medical Sciences, April 7, 2010
• Dr. C.D. McGaw: “Pulmonary Hypertension after surgery for
Congenital Heart Disease”. The Paediatric Association of Jamaica 
Annual Conference April 18th, 2010
Jamaica Association of Radiologists Annual Symposium 2009:
Onco-radiology & Ethics. Mona Visitors Lodge, September 27,
2009.
• Barnett A: Customer/Client/Patient Care.
• Johnson P: Imaging evaluation of ENT Malignancies.
• Ying B: Imaging workup of solitary lung lesion.
• Irvine R: Surgical perspectives of lung masses.
FMS 18th Annual Research Conference & Workshop on Child
Health: From the Womb to Adolescence, November 11-13, 2009
• Jno-Baptiste B, Scarlett MD, Harding H, Ehikmetalor K:
The use of dexamethasone for post-operative analgesia in
patients undergoing gynaecological surgery.
• Brady-West D, West W: Clinical profile of young patients with
deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs – A seven year review.
• Lawrence – Wright MB, Brown HA, Shah S, Frankson M,
Lawrence SG, Gilbert DT, Crandon IW: Risk factor burden
predicts cerebrovascular disease presentation and severity of
carotid stenosis in a Black Caribbean Population.
• Tennant I, Nicholson A, Gordon-Strachan G, Thoms C, Chin
V, Didier MA: A survey of physicians’ knowledge and attitudes
regarding antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic prescribing
practices at the University Hospital of the West Indies.
232
University of the West Indies, Mona, FMS 18th Annual Research
Conference & Workshop on Child Health: From the Womb to
Adolescence, November 11-13, 2009.
• Leslie S, West W, Clarke T, Brady-West D, Hill K, Johnson P:
CT Brain findings in HIV positive patients with acute clinical
presentations.
• K West, West W, Taylor M, Walcott D, Tulloch K:
Radio-pathologic correlation of complex adnexal cysts seen on
ultrasound: A retrospective review.
• Cawich SO, Crandon IW, McLennon N, Harding HE,
Gordon – Strachan G, Isaacs M: Sublabial paraseptal
trans-sphenoidal approach to excise pituitary tumours at the
University Hospital of the West Indies.
• Cawich SO, Crandon IW , Harding H, McLennon N, Isaacs
M: Clinical profile of  pituitary tumours at the University Hospital 
of the West Indies.
• Cawich SO, Crandon IW, Harding H , Isaacs M, Webster D: 
Complicated head trauma from machete wounds: The
experiences at the University Hospital.
• Morrison B, Hanchard B, Graham R, Reid M: Penile cancer in
Jamaican men managed at the University Hospital of the West
Indies.
• Plummer J, Williams N, Gallinger S, Chin S, Graham R, Wharfe
G, Aaronson M, Pollett A: Colorectal cancer in young patients in
Jamaica: Are their genetic factors unique to this population?
• Morrison B, Coard K, Gordon-Strachan, Miller R, Aiken W,
Mayhew R: Radical prostatectomy outcomes at the University
Hospital of the West Indies: 2000-2007.
• Montague D, Morrison B, Aiken W, Reid M: Female urinary
retention at the University Hospital of the West Indies. 
233
• Brady-West DC, West W, Walcott-Brammer M: Utility of
radiological imaging for staging of operable breast cancer:
Recommendations for an evidenced-based protocol.
Caribbean Neuroscience Symposium, Hilton/Ritz-Carlton,
January 28-30, 2010
• Dr. D. McDowell - Preoperative improvements of the bone
stock prior to fusion surgery 
• Dr. K. Ehikmetalor - Management of Neuropathic Pain  
• Dr. F. Pencle - Decompressive Craniectomy: Is it a worthwhile
salvage therapy?  
• Dr. M. Minott - Management of Post-operative Spinal
Infections  
• Dr. P. Johnson - Unidentified Bright Objects (UBO’s)  
ALSO Workshop:
• Dr. K. Metalor - Ventilatory Management
• Dr. A. Crawford-Sykes - Fluid Management
• Dr. J. East - Managing Polytrauma
• Dr. D. Soogrim - ARDS
• Dr. F. Pencle - Role of Decompressive Craniotomy 
Weill Cornel Medical College in cooperation with The Anspach
Companies; Surgical Approaches to the Skull Base: A hands-on
Cadaver Workshop with 3D Virtual Reality.  Palm Beach Gardens,
Florida, February 26-28, 2010.
• Bruce C: Surgical Approaches to the Skull Base (including
hands-on laboratory)
234
° Anterior and Posterior Clinoidectomy, Exposure of the
Cavernous Sinus and Parasella Region
° Posterior Petrosectomy: Drilling the Mastoid, Facial Nerve
Exposure, Translabyrinthine Dissection and Exposure of the
Jugular Bulb.
° Far-Lateral Approach
° Lateral Cervical Dissection – Suboccipital Approach
° Fronto-Orbito-Zygomatic Craniotomy
° Subtemporal Approach – Middle-Fossa Approach with
Anterior Petrosectomy
Jamaica Emergency Medicine Association 10th Annual Conference, 
Jamaica Pegasus Hotel, Kingston,  Sunday March 28, 2010 
• Professor A. McDonald – Leadership in emergency medicine –
Charting the way forward  
• Dr. R. Hutson - Was my child abused? Approach to sexual
assault in the ED  
• Dr. B. Morrison - Female Urinary retention  
Ophthalmological Society of the West Indies (OSWI) Conference,
Antigua, July 7-10, 2010
• Dr Lizette Mowatt, Dr S Amarakoon - Massive Intraocular
Foreign Body: Is there any hope for that Eye?  
• Dr. Lizette Mowatt - An Eye for an Eye: Friend or Foe of
Oedipus  
• Dr Hugh Vaughan - The Paediatrician: A tale of 2 cases  
235
PUBLICATIONS
(Peer- reviewed)
WIMJ = West Indian Medical Journal
UHWI = University Hospital of the West Inbdies
* IW Crandon, HE Harding, SO Cawich, MAC Frankson,
AH McDonald, D Ferron-Boothe, N Meeks-Aitken, K
Watson, G Gordon-Strachan, KC James. “The Impact of
Helmets on Motorcycle Head Trauma at a Tertiary Hospital in
Jamaica”. BMC Res Notes. 2 (2009): 172. URL:
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1756-0500/2/172
* JM Plummer, ME McFarlane, D Torrence, N Duncan, S
Shah, P Roberts. “Intestinal duplication presenting with
recurrent abdominal pain (case note)”.Can J Surg, 52, 4
(2009):103-104.
* J Plummer, N Williams, P Johnson, M Lee. ‘’Left colon and
liver hemangiomas’’. Can J Surg, 52, 5 (2009):195-196
* PA Leake, K Coard, J Plummer. “Extramedullary
plasmacytoma of the pancreas as an uncommon cause of
obstructive jaundice: a case report”. Journal of Medical Case Reports
3 (2009): 8785 
* WM West,  D Brady-West, M Frankson. “Cholelithiasis on
Imaging - An analysis of clinical presentations by age and gender 
in a Jamaican population”. WIMJ, September 58, 4 (2009):
375-378.
* A Barnett, SO Cawich, IW Crandon, JF Lindo, G
Gordon-Strachan, D Robinson, D Ranglin. “Informed consent
from patients participating in medical education: A survey from
a University Hospital in Jamaica”. BMC Research Notes 2 (2009):
252.
236
* EW Williams, SO Cawich, S Shah, SJ Hendricks, I Edwards,
G Gordon-Strachan, J Williams-Johnson, CAR Bruce, P
Singh, S French, R Hutson, M Reid, IW Crandon. “Delays in 
presentation of stroke patients at the UHWI”. WIMJ,
September 58, 4 (2009): 341-346.
* R Bullock, D Soares. “Current imaging of cerebrospinal fluid
leaks (Viewpoint)”. WIMJ, Sept 58, 4 (2009): 362-366.
* A Mattis, L Mowatt, A Lue, J Lindo, H Vaughan. “Ocular
angiostrongyliasis – First Case Report from Jamaica”. WIMJ,
September 58, 4 (2009): 383-385.
* L Mowatt, N Mathew, E Craig. “An unusual presentation of
nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Case Report)”. WIMJ, Sept 58, 4
(2009): 386-387.
* REC Rose, A Crichlow, C Walters, A Ameerally, G
Gordon–Strachan. “Blood transfusion practices in total joint
arthroplasties in Jamaica”.  J Clin Med Res 1, 5 (2009): 287-273.
* SO Cawich, N Iheonunekwu, F Hendriks, L Van Hanswijck de 
Jonge, MAC Frankson, G Hoeksema. “Access surgery for
haemodialysis in the Cayman Islands: Preliminary results of a
vascular access service”. International Journal of Angiology 18, 2
(2009): 71-74.
* R Augier, I Tennant, M Reid, H Harding, A
Crawford-Sykes, S Bortolusso-Ali, M Isaacs, N Duncan.
“Perioperative transfusion of patients with sickle cell disease
undergoing surgery at the UHWI”. Internet Journal of
Anaesthesiology 21, 2 (2009): 11. ISSN 1092-406X. 
* CP Campbell, AT Barnett, MA Boyne, S Soares-Wynter, C
Osmond, RA Fraser, TE Forrester. “Predictors of physical
activity and energy expenditure in Afro-Caribbean children”.
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 1, 1 (2009):
S330.
237
* E. Ward, T McCartney, DW Brown, A Grant, A Butchart, M
Taylor and the Technical Working Group for the Costing Study
(P Bhoorasingh, H Wong, C Morris, AM Deans-Clarke, J
East, C Valentine, S Dundas, C Pinnock). “Results of an
exercise to estimate the Cost of Interpersonal Violence in
Jamaica”. WIMJ, November 58, 5 (2009): 446-451.
* I Tennant, R Augier, A Crawford- Sykes, I Hambleton, M
Tha, H Harding:.”Anaesthetic Morbidity at the UHWI – A
Prospective Cross-Sectional Study”. WIMJ, 58, 5 ( 2009):
452-459.
* EW Williams, V Chand, P Singh, R Turner, J
Williams-Johnson, I Edwards, M Ellis. “Closed Degloving
Injury of the Thigh “[Letter to the Editor]. WIMJ, November
58, 5 (2009): 493-495.
* REC Rose. “Acute trauma applications of the Ilizarov
method”. The Internet   Journal of Orthopedic Surgery, 16, 1 ( 2010):
* REC Rose. “Tibial lengthening using the classic Ilizarov
technique”. The Internet Journal of Orthopedic Surgery, 16, 1 (2010):
* REC Rose. “Pin site care with the Ilizarov circular fixator”. The
Internet Journal of Orthopedic Surgery, 16, 1 (2010): 
* E Ward, T McCartney, S Arscott-Mills, N Gordon, A Grant,
AH McDonald, DE Ashley. “The Jamaica Injury Surveillance
System: a profile of the Intentional and Unintentional Injuries in 
Jamaican hospitals”. WI MJ. January 59, 1 (2010): 7-13
* JM Plummer, H Brown, K Jones, D Ferron-Boothe, N
Meeks-Aitken, AH McDonald. “Trauma- the burden of a
preventable problem”. WIMJ. January 59, 1 (2010): 26-28
* RB Pierre, JM Branday, A Pottinger, A Wierenga. “Students’
Perception of the ‘Educational Climate’ at the Faculty of
Medical Sciences, the University of the West Indies, Jamaica”.
WIMJ. January 59, 1 (2010): 45-49
238
* JM Plummer, KO Bonadie, N Williams, PA Leake, DIG
Mitchell: Duodenal Fibrosarcoma Mimicking Franz Tumor
complicated by Post-resection Chylous Ascites (a Case
Report)”. WI MJ. January 59, 1 (2010): 84-87
* J Williams-Johnson. [CRASH-2 trial collaborator]. “Effects of 
tranexamic acid on death, vascular occlusive events, and blood
transfusion in trauma patients with significant haemorrhage
(CRASH-2): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial”. Lancet 
9734, 376 (2010): 23-32
* KD Vaughan. “Haiti: lessons learnt “[editorial]. WIMJ. March
59, 2 (2010): 119 
* TM Foster, MG Lee, CD McGaw, MA Frankson: “Knowledge
and Practice of Occupational Infection Control among
Healthcare Workers in Jamaica”. WIMJ,  March 59, 2 (2010):
147-152.  
* TM Foster, MG Lee, CD McGaw, MA Frankson. “Prevalence
of Needlestick Injuries and other High Risk Exposures among
Healthcare workers in Jamaica”. WIMJ, March 59, 2 (2010):
153-158.  
* V. Chin, HE Harding, I Tennant, D Soogrim, GM
Gordon-Strachan, MAC Frankson. “Dynamics of Antibiotic
Usage in the Intensive Care Unit at the UHWI”. WIMJ, March
59, 2 (2010): 159-164.  
* I Tennant, A Nicholson, G Gordon-Strachan, C Thomas, V
Chin, MA Didier. “A Survey of Physicians’ Knowledge and
Attitudes Regarding Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiotic
Prescribing Practices at the UHWI”. WIMJ, March 59, 2 (2010):
165-170.  
* W West, KP West, EN Younger, D Cornwall. “Degenerative
Disc Disease of the Lumbar Spine on MRI”.  WIMJ. March 59,
2 2010): 192-195 
239
* M Asnani M, EW Williams, SO Cawich, M Reid, A
Mansingh, S Shah, J Williams-Johnson. “Bilateral Psoas
Abscesses and Vertebral Osteomyelitis in a Patient With Sickle
Cell Disease”. BMJ Case Reports 2010. 
* P. Johnson, M. James, D. Mitchell & D. Soares. “Double
Independent Reading at Screening Mammography with
Arbitration at the UHWI: The initial experience”. The Internet
Journal of Radiology 12, 1 (2010)
* IW Crandon, HE Harding, SO Cawich, AH McDonald, D
Ferron-Boothe. “Motorcycle accident injury profiles in
Jamaica: An audit from the UHWI.” Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot
2009 16(3):175-8 
* SO Cawich, IW Crandon, Harding HE, N McLennon.
“Clinical Presentations of Pituitary Adenomas at a University
Hospital in Jamaica.”  Int J Fam Prac. 2009; 7(2)
* SO Cawich, HE Harding, NR Evans NR, IW Crandon,
DIG Mitchell, AC Martin, REC Rose. “Strategies for
Secondary Prevention of Motorcycle Road Traffic Accident
Injuries: Time for Policy Re-Evaluation in Jamaica.”  Int J Emer
Intensive Care Med. 2010:12(1) 
* Crandon IW, Cawich SO, McLennon N, Harding HE,
Gordon-Strachan G. Trans-Sphenoidal Resection of Pituitary
Tumours: Therapeutic Outcomes with the Sub-Labial
Paraseptal Approach. Int J Neurosurg. 2009; 6(2).
Non-Peer Reviewed
* D Calder. “Preserving the Eye”. Free Masons Overcoming
Challenges; District Grand Lodge of Jamaica Festival of St Andrew,
2009; 19-24.
* D Calder. “Eye Injury at the Work Place”. The Master Builder;
The Journal of the Incorporated Master Builder Association of Jamaica
2009: Building Construction through Regional Integration. 47 (1): 29. 
240
Books & Monographs: 
* Dr. Jean Williams-Johnson and Dr. Eric Williams: “Sickle
Cell Disease and other hereditary anaemias” Tintinnali text
book of Emergency Medicine, the seventh edition [chapter 231]
(Abstracts-oral)
* D Brady-West, W West. “Clinical profile of young patients with 
deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs – A seven year review”. 
WIMJ, 58, 4 (2009): 23.
* B Jno-Baptiste, MD Scarlett, H Harding, K Ehikmetalor.
“The use of dexamethasone for post-operative analgesia in
patients undergoing gynaecological surgery”. WIMJ, 59, 4
(2009): 23.
* MB Lawrence – Wright, HA Brown, S Shah, M Frankson, SG
Lawrence, DT Gilbert, IW Crandon. “Risk factor burden
predicts cerebrovascular disease presentation and severity of
carotid stenosis in a Black Caribbean Population”. WIMJ, 58, 4
(2009): 31.
* I Tennant, A Nicholson, G Gordon-Strachan, C Thoms, V
Chin, Didier MA. “A survey of physicians’ knowledge and
attitudes regarding antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic
prescribing practices at the UHWI”. WIMJ, 58, 4 (2009): 33.
* BF Morrison, B Hanchard, RP Graham, M Reid. “Penile
cancer in Jamaicans managed at the UHWI”. WIMJ. 59, 2
(2010):32
* AT Barnett, SO Cawich, IW Crandon, JF Lindo, G Gordon
Strachan, D Robinson, D Ranglin. “Medical Student Training at 
a University Hospital in Jamaica: A Survey of Patient Awareness 
and Attitudes”. WIMJ. 59, 2 ( 2010):38. 
(Abstracts – poster)
* S Leslie, W West, T Clarke, D Brady-West, K Hill, P Johnson,
DT Gilbert. “CT Brain findings in HIV positive patients with
acute clinical presentations”. WIMJ, 58, 4 (2009): 37.
241
* K West, W West, M Taylor, D Walcott, K Tulloch.
“Radio-pathologic correlation of complex adnexal cysts seen on 
Ultrasound: A retrospective review”. WIMJ, 58, 4 (2009): 38.
* DC Brady-West, W West, M Walcott- Brammer. “Utility of
radiological imaging for staging of operable breast cancer:
Recommendations for an evidenced-based protocol”. WIMJ,
58, 4 (2009): 39.
* SO Cawich, IW Crandon, McLennon, HE Harding, G
Gordon – Strachan, M Isaacs. “Sublabial paraseptal
trans-sphenoidal approach to excise pituitary tumours at the
UHWI”. WIMJ, 58, 4 (2009): 45.
* SO Cawich, IW Crandon, H Harding, M Isaacs, D
Webster. “Complicated head trauma from machete wounds:
the experiences at the UHWI”. WIMJ, 58, 4 (2009): 45.
* SO Cawich, IW Crandon, H Harding, N McLennon, M
Isaacs. “Clinical profile of  pituitary tumours at the UHWI”.
WIMJ, 58, 4 (2009): 46.
* J Plummer, N Williams, S Gallinger, S Chin, R Graham, G
Wharfe, M Aaronson, A Pollett. “Colorectal Cancer in Young
Patients in Jamaica: Are their genetic factors unique to this
population”. WIMJ, 58, 4 (2009): 46.
* B Morrison, B Hanchard, R Graham, M Reid. “Penile cancer in 
Jamaican men managed at the UHWI”. WIMJ, 58, 4 (2009): 46.
* B Morrison, K Coard, G Gordon-Strachan, R Miller, W Aiken, 
R Mayhew. “ Radical prostatectomy outcomes at the UHWI:
2000-2007”. WIMJ, 58, 4 (2009): 47.
* R Montague D, B Morrison, W Aiken, M Reid. “Female
urinary retention at the UHWI”. WIMJ, 58, 4 (2009): 47.
* IW Crandon, SO Cawich, N McLennon, HE Harding, G
Gordon- Strachan.. “Trans-Sphenoidal Resection of Pituitary
Tumours: Therapeutic Outcomes with the Sub-Labial
Paraseptal Approach”. Int. J Neurosurg. 6, 2 (2009).
242
* H Brown, SO Cawich, A Martin, M Newnham, R
Venugopal, EW Williams. “Vascular Access Operations for
Renal Replacement Therapy: Preliminary Results of a Vascular
Access Service in Jamaica”. WIMJ. 59, 2 ( 2010):48-49. 
* SO Cawich, D Jefferson, G Smith, G Hoeksema, N
Iheonunekwu, F Hendriks, L Van Hanswijck de Jonge, HE
Harding, G Gordon-Strachan.. “Creating Dialysis Accesses in
a Developing Caribbean Nation: A Cost-Benefit Analysis”. WI
MJ. 59, 2 (2010):49. 
* D Calder, IW Crandon, N Meeks-Aitken, R Carpenter, K
Jones, A McDonald. “Ocular injuries from automobile
external mirror damage”. WIMJ. 59, 2 (2010):50
* IW Crandon, HE Harding, SO Cawich, CAR Bruce, D
Webster. “The Experience of the University Hospital of the
West Indies with Complicated Civilian Head Injury from
Machete Assaults”. WIMJ. 59, 2 (2010):50. 
* M Isaacs, SO Cawich, REC Rose, HE Harding, IW
Crandon, D Ferron-Boothe, DIG Mitchell.. “Extremity
Injuries From Motorcycle Road Traffic Accidents: The
Experience From a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Jamaica”.
WIMJ. 59, 2 ( 2010):51. 
* HE Harding, SO Cawich, IW. Crandon, NR Evans, AH
McDonald, D Ferron-Boothe, M Isaacs. “Motorcycle
Helmet Laws in Jamaica: An Observational Study of
Non-Compliant Accident Victims”. WIMJ. 59, 2 ( 2010):51. 
* M Isaacs, EW Williams, SO Cawich, S Shah, Hendricks, I
Edwards, O Morgan, G Gordon-Strachan, J Williams-
Johnson, Bruce C, P Singh, French S, R Hutson. “The
Timing of Stroke Presentation at UHWI”. WIMJ. 59, 2
(2010):52-53. 
243
RESEARCH GRANT
Dr. Joseph Plummer was awarded $1.5M for a 3-year prospective study to
set up a registry on colon cancer, to commence July 2010.
Dr. Peter Johnson received a grant (The Principal’s Award) for
$2,000,000.00 for the establishment of a Brain Tumour database.
INCOME GENERATION 
n William Dennis Memorial Lecture $     150,000.00
n Clinical Research Meeting   $       20,000.00
n Anaesthesia/Vanderbilt University $       30,000.00
Workshop
n UWI Caribbean Neuroscience $   2,425,380.49
Symposium
n Consultancy income $   1,439,019.34
n Skills Laboratory $ 14,000,000.00
n Total:        J$18,064,399.83
Prof. Neely Panton donated equipment for the Skills Laboratory valued at
US$2000.00. 
The Lewis Gale Medical Center in conjunction with the Blue Ridge
Surgery Center,Virginia, USA,  donated medical equipment and supplies
valued at US$15,000.00. 
PUBLIC SERVICE 
Prof. Ivor Crandon 
– Member, Appeal Panel of the Jamaican Anti Doping
Commission
– Ministry of Local Government, Community Development &
Sports
– Medical Advisor, Board. Medecus Insurance Co
244
– Member, Jamaica Cricket 2007 Medical Directorate & Medical,
Health and Anti-Doping Committee
– Trustee, Mona Investment Trust Club
– Chairman, Intensive Care Unit/Operating Theatre Committee
Dr. Michael McFarlane 
– Honorary Consultant, Jamaica Cancer Society
– Member, Board, Jamaica Cancer Society
– Examiner in Surgery, Caribbean Medical Council
– President, American College of Surgeons  (Jamaica Chapter)
– President-Elect, Association of Surgeons in Jamaica
Dr William Aiken 
– Member, National Health Fund Medical Advisory Panel
– Member, Steering Committee of National Institute of Health,
New York, USA, U54 project.
– Convener/Secretary of the Mona Investment Trust Club
– Consultant, Prostate Cancer Screening Clinic, Jamaica Cancer
Society
– Convener, Doctors on Stage for Cancer
Dr Christopher Rose
– Chairman, Educational Committee of the Jamaican Association 
of Sports Medicine
– Member, Medical Team, Reggae Marathon, Negril, Jamaica
– President, The Caribbean Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Dr Derek Mitchell 
– Deputy President, American College of Surgeons (Jamaica
Chapter)
– Course Coordinator & Treasurer, Advanced Trauma Life
Support, Jamaica
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– Consultant, Breast Cancer Screening Clinic, Jamaica Cancer 
Society
Dr. Rajeev Venugopal
– Volunteer Physician, Jamaica Football Federation
– Art Director, Mehefil (Indian Cultural Show)
Dr. Hyacinth Harding-Goldson 
– Member, Intensive Care Unit/Operating Theatre Committee 
– Examiner, Jamaica School of Nurse Anaesthetists
Dr. Marinna Scarlett 
– Chairman, Policies &  Procedures Audit Committee, UHWI
Dr. Wendy Gardner 
– President, Jamaica Anaesthetists’ Association
Dr. Dave McGaw 
– Treasurer, Caribbean Cardiology Society 
Dr Sundeep Shah
– President, Jamaica Association of Radiologists
Dr. Derria Cornwall 
– Vice-President, Jamaica Association of Radiologists
Dr. Jean Williams-Johnson 
– Secretary, Management Committee, Caribbean Poison
Information Centre
– Member, Executive Committee, Jamaica Association of Sports
Medicine
– Chairman, Advisory Committee, Accident and Emergency
Medicine
– Secretary, Jamaica Association of Sports Medicine
Dr. P. Singh
– President, Jamaica Association of Sports Medicine 
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– Team Physician, Jamaica Netball Team
Dr. Rhonda Hutson 
– Sexual Assault Investigator, Centre for Investigation of Sexual
Offences and Child Abuse (CISOCA) 
Dr. Simone French 
– President, Jamaica Emergency Medicine Association 
Dr. Eric Williams 
– Volunteer doctor for Jamaica National Children’s Home
INFORMATION ON STUDENTS
Undergraduate programme
MBBS Students by Year:
Year 1 Class of 2014 273
Year 2 Class of 2013 190
Year 3 Class of 2012 162
Year 4 Class of 2011 140
Year 5 Class of 2010 135
Total 900
A total of 141 medical students (Nov/Dec 2009: 19, including 3 from The
Bahamas, and May/June 2010: 122) sat the MBBS (Surgery) examinations
at Mona; 12 passed in November/December 2009, and 112 passed,
including eight with honours, in May/June 2010. 
Graduate Programme
During the period under review there were 143 residents in the DM
programme in the disciplines indicated below.
General Surgery: 29;  Paediatric Surgery: 5;  Orthopaedics: 7;  Urology:  8; 
Otorhinolaryngology:  7;  Neurosurgery: 7;  Cardiothoracic Surgery: 4; 
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Ophthalmology: 10;  Emergency Medicine: 23;  Radiology: 12;  and
Anaesthesia & Intensive Care: 31 .
The following students were awarded DM degrees:
Dr. Dwayne Hall – DM General Surgery
Dr. Milton Harry – DM General Surgery
Dr. Carlton Chambers – DM Orthopaedics
Dr. Janine Grant – DM Ophthalmology
Dr. Roy Forde – DM Otorhinolaryngology
Dr. Jno-Becky Baptiste – DM Anaesthesia & Intensive
Care
Dr. Trudy Harper-Smith – DM Anaesthesia & Intensive
Care
Dr. Deonne Ranglin – DM Anaesthesia & Intensive
Care
Dr. Venessa Thompson – DM Radiology
Dr. Tricia Dundas – DM Radiology
Dr. Duane Chambers – DM Radiology
Dr. Kurdell Espinosa – DM Emergency Medicine
Dr. Nigel Johnson – DM Emergency Medicine
Dr. Celeste Maycock – DM Emergency Medicine
Dr. Latesha McIntosh – DM Emergency Medicine
Dr. Kyaw Soe Myint – DM Emergency Medicine
The Special Regulations for Radiology examination and evaluation were
amended during the year under review and implemented in the May/June
exams of 2010. 
Dr. Pavia Davis, Dr. Cordelia Nairn and Dr. Christa Wells, three of four
residents from the Bahamas passed DM Emergency Medicine Part I. This
was the first sitting of the examination by residents from the Bahamas. 
248
PRIZES AWARDED:
David Alexander Walcott (Mona): Aubrey McFarlane Prize
(Awarded to the student with the best overall performance in Surgery in
the May/June Final MBBS Examinations at the Mona Campus)
Rachel Thwaites (Mona): Chin Yee Prize
(Awarded to the student with the best aggregate in the MBBS end of
clerkship MCQ exams in Orthopaedics, Ophthalmology,
Otorhinolaryngology and Anaesthesia & Intensive Care)
Dr. Ayana Crichlow, DM Orthopaedic student, was awarded second
place in the section for Research Papers by Residents and Fellows at the
National Medical Association of America Conference, Orlando, Florida,
for her research paper entitled “Blood Transfusion Practices in Total Joint
Replacements in Jamaica”
249
THE UWI SCHOOL OF NURSING, MONA
Hermi H. Hewitt, OD, PhD, RN, RM, FAAN
– Head of Department
HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WORK IN THE SCHOOL  
The academic year commenced withan increase in the number of
undergraduate and graduate students as
well four new academic staff. Dr Weaver
returned from sabbatical and Dr. Kahwa
commenced sabbatical. The School invited 
Dr. Feleta Wilson, Nursing Professor,
Wayne State University Fulbright Scholar,
Dr. Eleanor McConnell, Nursing
Professor, Duke University, Senior
Fulbright Specialist and Dr Laurel
Talabere, Professor Emeritus, Capital University, Columbus Ohio and
Visiting Professor to assist in building staff capacity in curriculum revision
and teaching, strengthen writing and publication. A new Masters degree
programme in Gerontological Nursing was developed and introduced.
This tract was taught jointly in partnership with Professor Denise
Eldemire-Shearer under the aegis of the UWI Aging Centre. Through a
Fulbright Senior Specialist programme Dr. Eleanor McConnell,
Gerontology Nursing Specialist from Duke University School of Nursing
spent a professional attachment at the School to support faculty members
in implementing the programme.  The last two courses (Nutrition and
Biochemistry) were converted for online delivery with the kind assistance
of Ryerson University. The PhD Nursing degree courses and proposal
were developed and supported by the Faculty of Medical Sciences,
Graduate Studies Committee and the Faculty Board on June 23 and 24,
2010 respectively. The PhD will commence 2011-12. The BScN
Curriculum Regulations were revised and implemented with the 2009-10
class.
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There were Curricula developments in Midwifery and Critical Care
Nursing to covert these hospital based certificate programmes into
baccalaureate degrees and transfer them from the University Hospital. A
Child and Adolescent mental Health nursing course was also introduced at 
the post-graduate level. The course development was supported by a
Fulbright Senior Specialist Dr. Edilma Yearwood of Georgetown
University, USA. A Computer Station was installed for the Service Staff to
enable them to be computer literate and provide access to e-mail
correspondence. A Gazebo was installed and one side of the courtyard
grilled.
Although the new physical facilities and teaching-learning furnishings
meet global standards, there are challenges related to security as only one
side of the courtyard is grilled giving free access to intruders. Also, the
extended building is not shuttered against Hurricanes. The UWISON
successfully hosted the 3rd Americas Regional Midwifery conference of
Americas under the aegis of the 21st Annual Nursing and Midwifery
Research Conference and 22nd Mary Seivwright Day. The conference
attracted Nurse Scientists from Argentina, Bahamas, Bermuda, Bolivia,
Canada, Chile, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Kenya, Peru, St Lucia, 
St Vincent & the Grenadines, South Africa, Trinidad & Tobago, Uganda
and the United States of America. Mrs. Insanally did the simultaneous
translation of English and Spanish.  The research internship programme
was held at UWISON bringing together participants from Canada, Africa
and Jamaica.
Nine (9) Students in the accelerated BScN degree program at Duke
University visited UWISON August 10-21, 2009, to gain a cultural
immersion in Community Health Nursing. Dr Hewitt represented the
School at the Directing Council meeting of PAHO/WHO and the Pan
American Network of Nursing and Midwifery Collaborating Centres
(PANMCC) in Washington DC, September 27 – October 1, 2009. Mrs.
Dawn Dover Roberts conducted a ‘Regional Trainer of Trainers’ for item
writing for the RENR, to guide the preparation of the mock examinations,
and to advise teachers in their preparation of students during the revision
process. Formalized arrangement through a MOU was made with Open
Campus enabling: payment for any support/elective courses taken by
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student and continuing control of UWISON for BScN (post RN)
programme
The BScN programme was extended to the Western Jamaica Campus with 
twenty six students in the academic year 2009-10 after receiving
conditional approval by the Nursing Council of Jamaica (NCJ).
Dr Weaver and Mrs. Barton-Gooden received training in the use of
‘Spirometry’ at the Sickle Cell Unit, September 2 - 3, 2009 as part of the
Longitudinal study of lung functions of in adults with Sickle Cell Disease.
Through the School’s PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre a project
entitled “Capacity for Nursing and Midwifery Education and Training in
the CARICOM Region through partnerships” was conducted
collaboratively with the Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing,
PAHO/WHO, funded by Health Canada. Data was collected from nine
(9) nursing programmes in 7 countries and six (6) midwifery programmes.
Mrs. Anderson Johnson and Mrs. Dover-Roberts assisted the Head as
investigators in the study. Through the Nursing Endowment Fund, two
nursing students received the UHWI Canadian Association Bursary and
one student received the Syringa Marshall-Burnett Bursary.
The long expected Office Manager was added to the staff in April 2010 to
support the administrative function. Dr Hewitt retired from the UWI on
July 31, 2010 and Dr Joanna Bennett succeeded her as Head. We
congratulate Dr. Bennett on her appointment and wish her a successful
tenure in her new post. 
PAPERS PRESENTED
• Heather Greenwood, Jack Buong, Amandah Hoogbruin, Eulalia 
Kahwa, Annemarie Marx, Nicky Okeyo, Nancy Edwards. A
Systematic Review of Equity Issues in Epidemiological Studies
on Health Inequalities: The Case of Asthma in Adults. Canadian
Public Health Association Centenary Conference, Sheraton
Centre, Toronto, Ontario, June 13-16, 2010.
• Hewitt, H. “Innovations in Nursing Practice”, Nurses
Association of Jamaica Island Conference October 9, 2009,
Jamaica Grand Hotel, Ocho Rios;
252
• Hewitt, H. “Transforming nursing education to meet the clinical 
and health needs of persons in a dynamic environment”  9th Dr
William Dennis Memorial Lecture July 22, 2010 at the Main
Medical Lecture Theatre;  
• Hewitt, H. .Assessment of the capacity building needs of
nursing and midwifery educators, 37th meeting Annual General
Meeting of the Regional Nursing Body, Grand View Hotel,
Grenada, July 28, 2010. 
• Bennett J. (2010): A multi-site evaluation of race equality and
cultural competency training in mental health services in the UK.
2nd National Transcultural Conference, Calgary, Canada,  2-4 May 
2010 .
The 21st Annual Nursing and Midwifery Research Conference and
22nd Mary J. Seivwright Day and the 3rd Americas Regional
Conference, UWISON, May  28, 2010.
• Hutchinson, M. K., Hewitt, H. H., Waldron, N., Hepburn, C.,
Kahwa, E., Sweet-Jemmott, L., Hamilton, P., Bain, B., Weir, J., &
Simpson, D. (2010). Development of the mothers and daughters 
standing strong together project: An HIV risk reduction
intervention for urban Jamaican families. 
• Smith, T., Hutchinson, M. K., Waldron, N., Hamilton, P.,
Kahwa, & Hewitt, H. H., E. (2010). The maternal sexual role
modeling (MSRM) scale: Measurement and association with
adolescent sexual risk beliefs and behaviors. 
• Kahwa, E., Waldron, N., Hepburn, C., Hamilton, P., Hewitt, H.
H., Aiken, J., Hutchinson, M. K., Cederbaum, J., Sweet-Jemmott,
L., & Alter, E. (2010). Jamaican mothers and daughters: Influence 
on daughters’ sexual risk beliefs and behaviors. 
• E Kahwa, N Edwards, J Etowa, D. P Dawkins, U. Atkinson, F
Watson, R Muller, J Aiken, D Kaseje, H Koppler, M Walusimbi,
R Chalo. (2010). Perspectives of frontline nurses and nurse
managers on the impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on the
nursing workforce in Sub - Saharan Africa and the Caribbean.
253
• J Etowa, E. N Edwards, E Kahwa, P Dawkins, H Maysenhoelder, 
U. Atkinson, R Muller, F Watson J Aiken, R Chalo D Kaseje, H
Koppler, M Walusimbi.  Nurses’ engagement in research and
policy development in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Caribbean.
• N Edwards U Atkinson, N Okeyo ., J Mill, M Walusimbi, D
Kaseje, E Kahwa, H Klopper, H Maysenhoelder.  A comparison
of perceived HIV/AIDS Stigma for nurses and midwives
working in Uganda, Kenya, South Africa and Jamaica.
• Waldron, N., Kahwa, E., Hutchinson, M. K., Hewitt, H. H.,
Simpson, D., Hepburn Brown, C., Hamilton, P., Sweet-Jemmott,
L., &Weir, J. (2010). Using urine tests to determine the prevalence 
of sexually transmitted infections among urban Jamaican
adolescent females.
PUBLICATIONS
* E. Kahwa, (2010). “Anticardiolipin Antibodies in Jamaican
Women: The relationship to thromboembolic diseases and
pregnancy outcomes.” VDM Verlag Dr. Müller
Aktiengesellsschaft & Co. KG.  ISBN: 978-3-639-25042-8 (156
pages)
* Knight-Madden, J. & Barton-Gooden, A. (2009)
“Contraceptive usage among Jamaican women with sickle cell
disease”. Contraception, 80, Issue 5, pp.474-478. November,
Elsevier publication.
* Powell, Dorothy L. Gilliss, Catherine L., Hewitt, H., Flint,
Elizabeth P. (Dec 22 2009). Application of a Partnership Model 
for Transformative and Sustainable International
Development, Public Health Nursing, 54-70.
* Kahwa E, Younger, N., Wint, Y., Waldron, N. Hewitt, H.,
Knight-Madden, Bailey, K., Edwards, N. Talabere, L.,
Lewis-Bell, K.(2010). The Jamaican asthma and allergies
national prevalence survey: Rationale and methods. Bio Med
Central Medical Research Methodology Journal 10: 29
254
* Lurline A Less, Dalip Ragoobirsingh, Errol Y Morrison,
Michael Boyne and Pauline Anderson Johnson “A
preliminary report on an assessment of a community-based
intervention for diabetes control in adults with type 2 diabetes”.  
Family Practice 2009;
* JLM Lindo, J LaGrenada, A Mc Caw Binns, Eldermire Shearer
(2010). “Stress and Miscarriagesamong office based women in
Kingston Jamaica. Caribbean Journal of Nursing 5:29 (Abstract)
Reports:
* The final report on the “Capacity for Nursing and Midwifery
Education and Training in the CARICOM Region through
Partnerships – 2009” was submitted March 2010 to the
Canadian Association of Schools of Nursing (CASN) for
dispatch to Health Canada. March 2010. Authors of the report
are Dr. Ellen Rukholm, CASN, Dr. Gillian Barclay PAHO,
Office of Caribbean Programme Coordination, Barbados; Dr.
Hermi Hewitt, Pauline Anderson-Johnson, and Dawn
Dover-Roberts of the PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for
Nursing and Midwifery Development in the Caribbean at UWI.
* Hewitt, H. presented the Report of the UWI School of Nursing
Mona at the 37th Annual Meeting of the Regional Nursing
Body/ CARICOM at the Grand View Hotel, Grenada, July 28,
2010.
PUBLIC SERVICE:  
Dover-Roberts, D.
– Chairman for an Advisory Committee, home for the aged,
Richmond Park district.
Hewitt, H.
– Member,  University Hospital Board;
– Member, Nursing Council Biennial Committee;
255
– Member, Management Committee, Faydene Methodist Home
for the Elderly;
– UWI representative, on the CARICOM/RNB.
Lopez, S.
– Board Member, the Heart Foundation of Jamaica.
Lindo, J.
– Member, Kiwanis Club of New Kingston; 
Rae, T.
– Member, Rotary Club 
Weaver, S.
– Member, Lions Club
SCHOLARSHIPS AND BURSARIES
The following students were recipients of bursaries in 2009-10:
Natoya Turner and Stephanie O’Mally received the UHWI
Canadian Association Bursary; Alethia Francis received the
Syringa Marshall-Burnett Bursary; Kerine Campbell, Shalanda
Henry & Melissa Williams received the IGL Legacy Scholarship
for Nursing
Faculty of Medical Sciences Dean’s List: 9 students
Faculty of Medical Sciences Honor Society: 4 students
Outstanding Graduates: 2 students
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Undergraduate Student Population 2009-10
New Returning Total
Category of Students
1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year
BScN- Mona Campus  165 143 107 415
BScN- Western Jamaica Campus   26 – –   26
BScN franchised at EXED   71   63   53 187
BScN franchised at Briown’s Town
Community College   41   32   35 108
BScN franchised at Knox
Community College   26   27   28   81
Sub-Total 329 265 223 817
BScN (post RN) –   11 –   11
BScN (post RN) online delivery 92+4   95 164 366
Grand Total Undergraduates 425 371 387 1194
Postgraduate Nursing Students
The postgraduate student population is as follows:
Category of Students Full-time Part-time Total
MScN (Nursing Administration; Nursing
Education)     22       8 30
MScN (Family Nurse Practitioner; Mental
Health/Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner; Clinical     32       – 32
Nurse Specialist-Gerontology Option)
Total Postgraduate Students     54       8 62
STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT
The first two Groups of BScN (post RN) online students (164) who began 
under the Ryerson/UWI project 2007 will graduate November, 2010. One  
hundred and one (101) BScN students took the Regional Examination for
Nurse Registration (RENR) in October 2009, of the total seventy three
(73%) passed and are employed. Those not eligible for the October
examination  plus those who had supplemental or failed the RENR re-sat
it in April 2010.   Of the 32 students sitting the RENR exam in April, 17
257
(53%) passed, 12 candidates were referred in Paper 3. Of note is that 12
(47%) of the students were either referred/ failed the Functional
Essay-Paper 3 examination, one of four Papers in the RENR examination. 
The RENR was discussed at the Regional Nursing Body/CARICOM
meeting July 26-29, 2010 as the pattern of failure in Paper 3 was wide
spread throughout the CARICOM region. The nation average pass in
Paper 3 for Jamaica was 43%. The Head participated in the Regional
Nursing Body meeting in Grenada July 24-29, 2010 to adopt a modern
structure and system for the RENR. 
258